2nd Edition

Physical Chemistry A Modern Introduction, Second Edition

By William M. Davis Copyright 2011
    520 Pages 133 B/W Illustrations
    by CRC Press

    520 Pages 133 B/W Illustrations
    by CRC Press

    Designed for a two-semester introductory course sequence in physical chemistry, Physical Chemistry: A Modern Introduction, Second Edition offers a streamlined introduction to the subject. Focusing on core concepts, the text stresses fundamental issues and includes basic examples rather than the myriad of applications often presented in other, more encyclopedic books. Physical chemistry need not appear as a large assortment of different, disconnected, and sometimes intimidating topics. Instead, students should see that physical chemistry provides a coherent framework for chemical knowledge, from the molecular to the macroscopic level.

    The book offers:

    • Novel organization to foster student understanding, giving students the strongest sophistication in the least amount of time and preparing them to tackle more challenging topics
    • Strong problem-solving emphasis, with numerous end-of-chapter practice exercises, over two dozen in-text worked examples, and a number of clearly identified spreadsheet exercises
    • A quick review in calculus, via an appendix providing the necessary mathematical background for the study of physical chemistry
    • Powerful streamlined development of group theory and advanced topics in quantum mechanics, via appendices covering molecular symmetry and special quantum mechanical approaches

    Preface
    Acknowledgments
    Author
    Guide for Students
    List of Special Examples

    World of Atoms and Molecules

    Introduction to Physical Chemistry
    Theory and Experiment in Physical Chemistry
    Atomic and Molecular Energies
    Configurations, Entropy, and Volume
    Energy, Entropy, and Temperature
    Distribution Law Derivation
    Conclusions
    Point of Interest: James Clerk Maxwell
    Exercises
    Bibliography

    Ideal and Real Gases

    The Ideal Gas Laws
    Collisions and Pressure
    Nonideal Behavior
    Thermodynamic State Functions
    Energy and Thermodynamic Relations
    Conclusions
    Point of Interest: Intermolecular Interactions
    Exercises
    Bibliography

    Changes of State

    Pressure–Volume Work
    Reversibility, Heat, and Work
    Entropy
    The Laws of Thermodynamics
    Heat Capacities
    Joule–Thomson Expansion
    Conclusions
    Point of Interest: Heat Capacities of Solids
    Exercises
    Bibliography

    Phases and Multicomponent Systems

    Phases and Phase Diagrams
    The Chemical Potential
    Clapeyron Equation
    First- and Second-Order Phase Transitions
    Conclusions
    Point of Interest: Josiah Willard Gibbs
    Exercises
    Bibliography

    Activity and Equilibrium of Gases and Solutions

    Activities and Fugacities of Gases
    Activities of Solutions
    Vapor Pressure Behavior of Solutions
    Equilibrium Constants
    Phase Equilibria Involving Solutions
    Conclusions.
    Point of Interest: Gilbert Newton Lewis
    Exercises.
    Bibliography

    Chemical Reactions: Kinetics, Dynamics, and Equilibrium

    Reaction of Atoms and Molecules
    Collisions and Transport
    Rate Equations
    Rate Laws for Complex Reactions
    Temperature Dependence and Solvent Effects
    Reaction Thermodynamics
    Electrochemical Reactions
    Conclusions
    Point of Interest: Galactic Reaction Chemistry
    Exercises
    Bibliography

    Vibrational Mechanics of Particle Systems

    Classical Particle Mechanics and Vibration
    Vibration in Several Degrees of Freedom
    Quantum Phenomena and Wave Character
    Quantum Mechanical Harmonic Oscillator
    Harmonic Vibration of Many Particles
    Conclusions
    Point of Interest
    Exercises
    Bibliography

    Molecular Quantum Mechanics

    Quantum Mechanical Operators
    Information from Wavefunctions
    Multidimensional Problems and Separability
    Particles with Box and Step Potentials
    Rigid Rotator and Angular Momentum
    Coupling of Angular Momenta
    Variation Theory
    Perturbation Theory
    Conclusions
    Point of Interest: The Quantum Revolution
    The Solvay Conference
    Exercises
    Bibliography

    Vibrational–Rotational Spectroscopy

    Molecular Spectroscopy and Transitions
    Vibration and Rotation of a Diatomic Molecule
    Vibrational Anharmonicity and Spectra
    Rotational Spectroscopy
    Harmonic Picture of Polyatomic Vibrations
    Polyatomic Vibrational Spectroscopy
    Conclusions
    Point of Interest: Laser Spectroscopy
    Exercises
    Bibliography

    Electronic Structure
    .
    Hydrogen and One-Electron Atoms
    Orbital and Spin Angular Momentum
    Atomic Orbitals and Atomic States
    Molecules and the Born–Oppenheimer Approximation
    Antisymmetrization of Electronic Wavefunctions
    Molecular Electronic Structure
    Visible–Ultraviolet Spectra of Molecules
    Properties and Electronic Structure
    Conclusions
    Point of Interest: John Clarke Slater
    Exercises
    Bibliography
    Advanced Texts and Monographs

    Statistical Mechanics

    Probability
    Ensembles and Arrangements
    Distributions and the Chemical Potential
    Molecular Partition Functions
    Thermodynamic Functions
    Heat Capacities
    Conclusions
    Point of Interest: Lars Onsager
    Exercises
    Bibliography

    Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

    Nuclear Spin States
    Nuclear Spin–Spin Coupling
    Electron Spin Resonance Spectra
    Extensions of Magnetic Resonance
    Conclusions
    Point of Interest: The NMR Revolution
    Exercises
    Bibliography

    Introduction to Surface Chemistry

    Interfacial Layer and Surface Tension
    Adsorption and Desorption
    Langmuir Theory of Adsorption
    Temperature and Pressure Effects on Surfaces
    Surface Characterization Techniques
    Conclusions
    Point of Interest: Irving Langmuir
    Exercises
    Bibliography

    Appendix A: Mathematical Background

    Appendix B: Molecular Symmetry
    Appendix C: Special Quantum Mechanical Approaches
    Appendix D: Table of Integrals.
    Appendix E: Table of Atomic Masses and Nuclear Spins
    Appendix F: Fundamental Constants and Conversion of Units
    Appendix G: Tables.
    Appendix H: Points of Interest.
    Appendix I: Atomic Masses and Percent Natural Abundance of Light Elements.
    Appendix J: Values of Constants
    Appendix K: The Greek Alphabet
    Answers to Selected Exercises
    Index

    Biography

    William M. Davis received his BSc (honors) in chemistry from the University of Western Ontario, London, Canada, and his MSc and PhD from the University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada. He taught lecture and laboratory sections of general, physical, and inorganic chemistry at several Canadian universities before moving to Texas to take up a tenure-track position at The University of Texas at Brownsville, where he taught general, physical, inorganic, analytical, organic, and environmental chemistry for 10 years. In 2008, he moved to Texas Lutheran University, where he is currently an Associate Professor and Chair of Chemistry and holds the George Kieffer Fellowship in Science. Dr. Davis’s research interests include application of computational and analytical chemistry techniques to systems of environmental and biochemical interest.