1st Edition
Politics and Trade in Britain, 1776-1914 Volume II: 1841-1879
This volume takes up the story of exacerbated political divisions from 1841 onwards, with a clearer demarcation in political life caused at least partly by commercial policy considerations. Ultimately, the success of free trade policies, implemented by Sir Robert Peel after 1841, saw the reconfiguration of political parties and had lasting effects and impact on party politics. Yet in the period up to 1879, there was a broad consensus on maintaining the free trade settlement of 1846. This period, often seen as a ‘free trade interlude’ book-ended by a far more complex range of opinions, policies, and strategies surrounding commercial policy, was characterised by British manufacturing expansion, deeper penetration of foreign and colonial markets, and the adoption of freer trade policies by foreign nations. Ultimately, none of these developments lasted in the long term. By the end of 1879, commercial policy was again controversial.
The type of sources in this volume include correspondence from The Panmure Papers, the Later Correspondence of Lord John Russell, and diary material from Lord Ashley and John Bright. There is also a considerable body of material from newspapers, including the Morning Chronicle, Northern Star, Manchester Guardian, and Liverpool Mercury. Manuscript materials from Richard Cobden, John Benjamin Smith, and Lord John Russell among others are also present.
Volume 2: 1841-1879
General Introduction
Volume 2 Introduction
1. Richard Cobden to John Benjamin Smith, 28 March 1841
2. Extract from Richard Oastler, The Fleet Papers; being Letters to Thomas Thornhill Esquire of Riddlesworth With occasional communications from friends
3. Extract from Thomas Cleghorn (ed.), Journal of Henry Cockburn, being a continuation of the memorials of his time, 1831-1854
4. Richard Cobden to John Benjamin Smith, 2 May 1841
5. Dundee Chamber of Commerce, Baltic Coffee House minute books, 1835-50; Richard Cobden to Alexander Low, and editorial; ‘Borough Election’; ‘Dundee Election’
6. Richard Cobden to Charles Pelham Villiers, 6 September 1841
7. Extract from Edwin Hodder (ed.), The Life and Work of the seventh Earl of Shaftesbury
8. Richard Cobden to Duncan McLaren, 12 March 1842
9. Sir Robert Peel to John Wilson Croker, 27 July & 3 August 1842
10. Richard Cobden to Lord Brougham, 5 August 1842
11. Robert Peel to John Wilson Croker [Extract], 8 August 1842
12. Lord John Russell to Fox Maule, 20 December 1842 and Fox Maule to Lord John Russell, 25 December 1842
13. Lord Palmerston to Lord John Russell, 28 April 1843
14. ‘The Anti-Corn Law League and the Country’
15. Richard Cobden to Duncan McLaren, 1 June 1843
16. Article from Morning Chronicle, 29 September 1843
17. ‘Central Agricultural Protection Society’, and ‘Editorial’ from Essex Standard
18. Extract from R. L. Hill, Toryism and the People, 1832-1846
19. Richard Cobden to Joseph Sturge, 11 March 1845
20. Lord John Russell, Letter to the Electors of the City of London, 22 November 1845
21. Henry Goulburn to Sir Robert Peel, 30 November 1845
22. Extract from Thomas Cleghorn (ed.), Journal of Henry Cockburn, being a continuation of the memorials of his time, 1831-1854
23. Sir James Graham to Lord John Russell, 12 December 1845
24. ‘The Corn Laws’ and ‘The Crisis’
25. Lord John Russell to Queen Victoria,16 December 1845, Sir Robert Peel to Queen Victoria, 17 December 1845, and Lord John Russell to Queen Victoria, 20 December 1845
26. ‘The Struggle’, Northern Star and National Trades’ Journal
27. Richard Cobden to John Benjamin Smith, 28 January 1846,
28. Editorial on Lord Grey and Free Trade, Morning Post
29. Extract from R. L. Hill, Toryism and the People, 1832-1846
30. John Wilson Croker to Lord Brougham, 4 & 8 February 1846
31. ‘Mr. C. Greville on the "Education" of Public Men’, Weekly Chronicle
32. ‘Uncalled-for Interference’, Carlisle Journal
33. ‘The Premier’s Anti-Corn Law Crotchet’, Royal Leamington Spa Courier and Warwickshire
34. Henry Negus Burroughes MP to Sir Robert Peel, 27 March 1846
35. Macfie and son, sugar refiners, letter and memorial to Lord John Russell and Viscount Palmerston, 9 May 1846
36. Sir Robert Peel’s Memorandum on the Position of the Corn Laws, 21 June 1846
37. Lord Stanley to John Wilson Croker [Extract], 23 August 1846
38. ‘The Navigation Acts’, Aberdeen Journal
39. ‘Metropolitan Memoranda’, Liverpool Mail; ‘The Journeymen Bakers’, Bath Chronicle & Weekly Gazette
40. Benjamin Disraeli to Lord Stanley, 20 October 1849, with enclosure, Benjamin Disraeli to George Frederick Young, 19 October 1849, and Lord Stanley to Benjamin Disraeli, 25 October 1849
41. Richard Cobden to Lord John Russell, 20 March 1852
42. ‘The Four Political Factions’, Reynolds’s Newspaper
43. Karl Marx, ‘Tories and Whigs’
44. Lord John Russell to Lord Aberdeen, 17 August 1852
45. Lord John Russell to Lord Yarborough, 10 October 1852
46. Extract from R. A. J. Walling (ed.), The Diaries of John Bright
47. Lord Derby to Benjamin Disraeli, 20 June
48. Richard Cobden to Joseph Sturge, 26 August 1853
49. Extract from R. A. J. Walling (ed.), The Diaries of John Bright
50. Charles E. Greville, The Greville Memoirs: a Journal of the Reigns of King George IV, King William IV, and Queen Victoria; George Armistead & Co, David Martin & Co, Allan Edward & Co., Paton & Fleming, Edward Baxter & son & c. to George Duncan MP, 20 October 1854
51. John Bright to Richard Cobden, 16 April 1857
52. Extract from Richard Cobden, Diary in France and Algeria, 1859-61
53. John Bright to Richard Cobden, 5 February 1860
54. Extract from Richard Cobden, Diary in France and Algeria, 1859-61
55. Richard Cobden to John Slagg, 15 February 1862
56. Richard Cobden to Duncan McLaren, 17 March 1863
57. [Lord Salisbury], Review: Art. X. – 1. An Essay on the History of the English Government and Constitution, from the Reign of Henry VII. to the present Time by John Earl Russell. 2. Parliamentary Government considered with reference to Reform by Earl Grey. 3. The Liberal Dilemma. A Letter addressed to the Editor of the ‘Times’ by Charles Buxton, M.P.
58. Richard Cobden to Henry Ashworth, 27 August 1864
59. ‘Reciprocal Free Trade’, Preston Chronicle and Lancashire Advertiser
60. ‘Manchester Reciprocity Association’, Standard
61. Lord Granville to Gladstone, 21 September 1871 and Mr. Gladstone to Lord Granville, 23 September 1871
62. Memorandum of Mr. Gladstone, 3-9 October 1871
63. ‘The Revivers of British Industry and Mr. John Bright’, Manchester Evening News
64. ‘The Coventry Protectionists and Mr. Bright, M.P.’, Manchester Weekly Times
65. Extract from John Stuart Mill, Autobiography,
66. ‘The Depressed State of Trade and Reciprocity’, East London Observer, and Tower Hamlets and Borough of Hackney Chronicle; ‘Conference of Conservatives at Blackpool’, Preston Chronicle and Lancashire Advertiser
67. J. N., ‘A New Zollverein’ Leamington Spa Courier and Warwickshire Advertiser
68. ‘The Social Science Congress’, Daily News (London); ‘Social Science Congress’, Glasgow Herald
Index
Biography
Dr. Gordon Bannerman received his Ph.D. from King’s College London in 2005 and has an extensive publication record of books, articles, and reviews. He was admitted as a Fellow of the Royal Historical Society in 2015 for his contribution to historical scholarship. Dr. Bannerman has taught British history at the London School of Economics, Dundee University, and King’s College London. He currently teaches The History of Business and Government and Business at the University of Guelph-Humber, Ontario.
