1st Edition
Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells Science, Applications, and Challenges
This book focuses on the recent research progress on the fundamental understanding of the materials degradation phenomena in PEFC, for automotive applications. On a multidisciplinary basis, through contributions of internationally recognized researchers in the field, this book provides a complete critical review on crucial scientific topics related to PEFC materials degradation, and ensures a strong balance between experimental and theoretical analysis and preparation techniques with several practical applications for both the research and the industrial communities.
Preface
PEMFC Technologies for Automotive Applications Nicolas Fouquet
A Brief History of PEMFC for the Automotive Industry
Automotive Requirements for PEM Fuel Cell Power Plants
The Importance of Reliable Modeling Tools
Conclusion
Advanced Technologies for Efficient and Low Catalyst Loading Electrodes Pascal Fugier, Etienne Quesnel, and Sebastien Donet
Introduction
CVD and Precursors Approach
Principles of cvd Process: MOCVD
Physical Vapor Deposition
Electrocatalysis on Shape-Controlled Pt Nanoparticles J. Solla-Gullón, F. J. Vidal-Iglesias, E. Herrero, J. M. Feliu, and A. Aldaz
Introduction
Synthesis of Shape-Controlled Pt Nanoparticles
Correlation between Surface Structure and Nanoparticle Shape
Electrocatalysis on Shape-Controlled Pt Nanoparticles
Additional Remarks
Conclusions and Outlook
Ex situ Electrochemical Methods for the Characterization of PEFC Nanomaterial Degradation Deborah J. Myers and Xiaoping Wang
Introduction
Electrochemical Techniques
Ex situ Techniques/Configurations
Accelerated Electrochemical Stress Tests for PEFC Nanomaterial Durability
Examples of Electrochemical Characterization of PEFC Nanomaterial Degradation
Microstructural Characterization Methods of PEMFC Electrode Materials Zhong Xie
Introduction
Catalyst/Support and Electrode Characterization for PEMFC
Structural Characterization of Polymer Electrolyte Materials
Prospective and Outlook
Instability of Nanomaterials in PEFC Environments: A State of the Art Sarah Ball
Introduction
Decay Mechanisms at PEFC Cathode
Decay Mechanisms at the PEMFC Anode — Hydrogen and Reformate
Conclusions and Outlook
Innovative Support Materials for Low-Temperature Fuel Cell Catalysts Ernesto Rafael Gonzalez and Ermete Antolini
Introduction
Carbon
Ceramic
Polymer
Conclusions
Membrane Degradation Mechanisms in a Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Panagiotis Trogadas and Thomas F. Fuller
Introduction
Mechanical Degradation
Thermal Degradation
Chemical Degradation of PEM
Role of Metal Impurities in Chemical Degradation
Evidence of Preferential Degradation
Experimental Measurement of Chemical Degradation
Concluding Remarks
Effects of Fuel and Air Impurities on PEFC Performance Eben Dy, Zheng Shi, Khalid Fatih, Jiujun Zhang, and Zhong-Sheng Liu
Introduction
Fuel Side Impurities
Air Side Impurities
Mitigation Strategy
Summary
In situ Characterization Methods of PEMFC Materials Degradation Viktor Hacker, Eva Wallnöfer-Ogris, Harald Brandstätter, and Markus Perchthaler
Introduction
Hydrogen Diffusion: In situ Determination of Membrane Degradation
Polarization Curves and Performance
Open-Circuit Voltage
Fluoride Emission Rate
Cyclic Voltammetry
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy
Determination of the Local Electrochemical Potential
Exhaust Gas Analysis
Current Density Distribution
Multiscale Molecular Modeling of Degradation Phenomena in Catalyst Layers of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells Kourosh Malek and Tetsuya Mashio
Introduction
Multiscale Molecular Modeling of CL
Pt Degradation and Molecular Modeling of Pt Stability and Pt–C Interactions
Meso-Scale Modeling of Carbon Corrosion in CLs
Concluding Remarks
Toward a Bottom-Up Multiscale Modeling Framework for the Transient Analysis of PEM Fuel Cells Operation Alejandro A. Franco
Introduction
Modeling of the Electrochemistry in PEMFCs
Modeling of Transport and Thermal Stresses in PEMFCs
Bottom-Up Multiscale Modeling of PEMFC
CFD Modeling of PEMFC
PEMFC Diagnostic Modeling
Summary and Challenges
Index
