Polymer Melt Fracture Pictures
Optical Microscopy
Scanning Electron Microscopy
Polymer Characteristics
Polymers
Polymer Characterization
General Observation
Polymer Rheology
Continuum Mechanics
Scalars, Vectors, and Tensors
Stress Tensor
Strain Tensors
Equations of Motion
Constitutive Equations
General Observation
Polymer Processing
Extrusion
Injection Molding
Rotational Molding
Calendering
General Observation
Melt Fracture Experiments
Constant-Pressure and Constant-Rate Experiments
Flow Visualization
Critical Numbers
Melt Fracture Observation
Change of Slope
Wall Slip
Compressibility
General Observation
Melt Fracture Variables
Polymer Architecture
Polymer-Processing Variables
General Observation
Understanding Melt Fracture
Melt Fracture Mechanisms
The Constitutive Approach
General Understanding
General Observation
Advanced Polymer Rheology
Molar Mass, Zero-Shear Viscosity, and Recoverable
Compliance
Continuous Models and Frame Invariance
Microscopic Models
Molar Mass Distribution and Linear Viscoelasticity
General Observation
Modeling Melt Fracture
The Relaxation-Oscillation Model
Coupling RO and Constitutive Equations
Slip-Boundary Conditions
A Rheological Model Including Wall Slip
Bulk and Interfacial Viscosity Balance for Different Polymers
Flow Curve and Melt Fracture Relation
General Observation
Preventing Melt Fracture
Additives
Extruder and Processing Conditions
Dealing with Melt Fracture
General Observation
Index
Biography
Rudy Koopmans received his PhD in physical and macromolecular chemistry from the University of Antwerp in Belgium. He is a fellow in the Basic Plastics R&D organization of The Dow Chemical Company located in Horgen, Switzerland. Since joining Dow in 1983, he has held various R&D positions in Europe and the United States. His main R&D focus is on materials development, polymer processing, and developing innovative technology solutions to market needs and identified market trends. In addition, he holds a visiting professorship at Leeds University in the United Kingdom in the Department of Chemical Engineering. He has published more than 50 peer-reviewed papers in international journals and books, and is a holder of multiple patents.
Jaap den Doelder received his MSc in applied physics and applied mathematics at Eindhoven University of Technology in the Netherlands. He received his PhD in applied mathematics at the same university in 1999 on the topic of polymer melt fracture. The same year, he joined The Dow Chemical Company in Terneuzen, the Netherlands. He has since worked on a variety of topics related to materials science and modeling of polymers, connecting application requirements to molecular design. He is currently a research scientist in Dow’s polyethylene business.
Jaap Molenaar studied mathematics and theoretical physics at Leiden University in the Netherlands and wrote a PhD thesis on the field of solid state physics. For more than a decade he was involved in mathematics consulting. He received the Neways Award for his work on academic knowledge transfer to industry. He specializes in the modeling of dynamical systems in terms of differential equations and has published several books on these topics. His research focuses on fluid mechanics, in particular polymer melt flow. Recently, he became active in systems biology. He is a full professor in applied mathematics and the head of department for Mathematical and Statistical Methods for the Life Sciences of Wageningen
University and Research Centre in the Netherlands.
