1st Edition
Pre-treatment Methods of Lignocellulosic Biomass for Biofuel Production
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Structure of Lignocellulosic Biomass
1.3 Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass
CHAPTER 2: PHYSICAL PRETREATMENTS
2.1 Mechanical Comminution
2.2 Pyrolysis of Lignocellulosic Biomass
2.3 Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis (CFP)
2.4 Electron Beam Irradiation
2.5 Microwave Pretreatment
2.6 Ultrasound Pretreatment
2.7 Pulsed Electric Field (PEF) Pretreatment
CHAPTER 3: PHYSICOCHEMICAL PRETREATMENTS
3.1. Steam Explosion
3.2 Ammonia Fiber Explosion (AFEX)
3.3 Carbon Dioxide Explosion
3.4 Wet Oxidation
CHAPTER 4: CHEMICAL PRETREATMENTS
4.1 Ozonolysis
4.2 Acid Pretreatment
4.3 Alkali Pretreatment
4.4 Pretreatment with Oxidizing Agent
4.5 Organosolvation Pretreatment
4.6 Extractive Ammonia (EA) Pretreatment
4.7 Ionic Liquids (ILs) Pretreatment
4.8 Mild Reductive Catalytic Pretreatment (MRCP)
4.9 Reductive Catalytic Fractionation (RCF)
4.10 Deep Eutectic Solvents Methods (DES)
CHAPTER 5: BIOLOGICAL PRETREATMENT
5.1 Degradation of Cellulases
5.2 Degradation of Lignin and Hemicellulose
CHAPTER 6: COMBINED PRETREATMENTS
CHAPTER 7: PROBLEMS OF THE INDUSTRIAL ADAPTATION
7.1 Energy
7.2 Food
7.3 Livestock
7.4 Land
7.5 Water
7.6 Labor
7.7 Farm income
7.8 Agribusiness
7.9 International Trade
CHAPTER 8: ECONOMICS OF DIFFERENT PRETREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES
8.1 Economic Studies of Biofuels
8.2 Estimates of Future Potentials for Bioenergy
8.3 New Jobs
CHAPTER 9: ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS
9.1 Reduction of Carbon Emissions
9.2 Improve Energy Security
9.3 Simple and Familiar
CHAPTER 10: CONCLUSIONS AND ROCMMENDATIONS
10.1 Conclusions
10.2 Challenges and Future Perspective
Biography
Dr. Shyamal Roy completed BE & ME in Chemical Engineering from Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India and Ph.D in Chemical Engineering from Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India. He completed postdoctoral research from Washington University in St. Louis, MO, USA and Rutgers University, NJ, USA. He also worked as a postdoctoral fellow in Research & Development Centre, Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd. He was awarded prestigious Raman Fellowship by UGC, Govt. of India in the year of 2015. Now he is a faculty member at Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India.
