1st Edition

Protocols for Macroalgae Research

Edited By Bénédicte Charrier, Thomas Wichard, C R K Reddy Copyright 2018
    518 Pages 53 Color & 68 B/W Illustrations
    by CRC Press

    This book presents a wide range of tested and proven protocols relevant to a number of fields within biotechnology used in laboratory experiments in everyday phycological (seaweed) research. A major focus will be on bioenergy related aspects of this emerging technology. These protocols will be written in a clear and concise manner using simple language permitting even nonspecialist to adequately understand the significance of this research. It will also contain all necesssary notes and guidelines for successful execution of these experiments.

    CONTENTS

    Section I:  Cultivating and preserving seaweeds

    Chapter 1 Seaweed in high-energy environments: Protocol

    to move Saccharina cultivation offshore

    Bela H. Buck and Britta Grote

    Chapter 2 Cultivation protocol for Saccharina latissima

    Silje Forbord, Kristine Braaten Steinhovden,

    Kaia Kjølbo Rød, Aleksander Handå, and Jorunn Skjermo

    Chapter 3 Derivation of clonal stock cultures and hybridization

    of kelps: A tool for strain preservation and breeding

    programs

    Inka Bartsch

    Chapter 4 Cryopreservation of macroalgae

    John G. Day

    Chapter 5 Unraveling seaweeds bacteriomes: From field site

    to computer screen

    Tânia Aires, Gerard Muyzer, Ester A. Serrão, and

    Aschwin H. Engelen

    Chapter 6 Heavy metal ecotoxicity on the early life history

    stages of macroalgae

    Pablo P. Leal and Michael Y. Roleda

    Chapter 7 A simple protocol for a rapid and consistent

    production of a large number of viable protoplasts

    from the Ulvophycean species

    Vishal Gupta and C.R.K. Reddy

    Chapter 8 Purification of sporulation and swarming inhibitors

    from Ulva: Application in algal life-cycle controlling

    Ralf W. Kessler, Taghreed Alsufyani, and Thomas Wichard

    Chapter 9 Preparation of axenic cultures in Ulva (Chlorophyta)

    Gianmaria Califano and Thomas Wichard

    Section II: Chemical composition

    Chapter 10 Biochar production from seaweeds

    Loretto Contreras-Porcia, Matías Araya,

    Elizabeth Garrido-Ramírez, Cristian Bulboa,

    Jean Pierre Remonsellez, Javier Zapata, Camila Espinoza,

    and Jorge Rivas

    Chapter 11 Identification and quantification of laminarins

    in brown algae

    Angelika Graiff, Wolfgang Ruth, and Ulf Karsten

    Chapter 12 Determination of carbohydrate composition

    of macroalgae

    Wouter J.J. Huijgen, E.M. Cobussen-Pool, B.F. van Egmond,

    and J.W. van Hal

    Chapter 13 Quantification of proteins in seaweeds

    Carl Safi, Jelle van Leeuwen, Yvette Telleman,

    Nicole Engelen-Smit, Lambertus van den Broek,

    and Paulien Harmsen

    Chapter 14 Comprehensive phytohormone quantification

    in the red alga Pyropia yezoensis by liquid

    chromatography–mass spectrometry

    Takakazu Matsuura, Izumi C. Mori, Yoko Ikeda,

    Takashi Hirayama, and Koji Mikami

    Chapter 15 Total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity

    analysis of seaweed biomass

    Xiaoru Hou, Randi Neerup, and Anne-Belinda Bjerre

    Chapter 16 Extraction of phycocyanin and phycoerythrin pigments

    Stewart William Beattie, Michèle Morançais, Paul Déléris,

    Joël Fleurence, and Justine Dumay

    Chapter 17 Quantification and localization of reactive oxygen

    species in marine macrophytes

    Manoj Kumar, Loretto Contreras-Porcia, Nirali M. Kumar,

    and Peter J. Ralph

    Chapter 18 Metabolomics of intra- and extracellular metabolites

    from micro- and macroalgae using GC–MS

    and LC–MS

    Constanze Kuhlisch, Gianmaria Califano, Thomas Wichard,

    and Georg Pohnert

    Chapter 19 Preparative extraction of exometabolites

    from seaweed surfaces

    Florian Weinberger

    Chapter 20 Disruption-free solid-phase extraction of surface

    metabolites from macroalgae

    Emilio Cirri and Georg Pohnert

    Section III: Cellular and molecular characterization

    Chapter 21 The immunodetection and in situ imaging of

    cell-wall polysaccharides in brown algae

    Amandine Siméon, Delphine Duffieux, Cécile Hervé,

    Sophie Le Panse, Paul Knox, and Thomas Torode

    Chapter 22 Atomic force microscopy based analysis of cell-wall

    elasticity in macroalgae

    Thomas Torode, Marina Linardic, J. Louis Kaplan,

    and Siobhan A. Braybrook

    Chapter 23 Dynamic and microscale mapping of cell growth:

    Case of Ectocarpus filament cells

    Hervé Rabillé, Bernard Billoud, Elodie Rolland,

    and Bénédicte Charrier

    Chapter 24 Actin fluorescent staining in the filamentous brown

    alga Ectocarpus siliculosus

    Hervé Rabillé, Maria Koutalianou, Bénédicte Charrier,

    and Christos Katsaros

    Chapter 25 Cryofixation of brown algae for transmission

    electron microscopy

    Chikako Nagasato, Christos Katsaros, and Taizo Motomura

    Chapter 26 Probing the subcellular topography of

    seaweeds: Transmission electron microscopy,

    immunocytochemistry, and correlative light

    microscopy

    Sandra C. Raimundo and David S. Domozych

    Chapter 27 Coralline algae preparation for scanning electron

    microscopy and optical microscopy

    S. Kaleb, G. Alongi, and A. Falace

    Chapter 28 Extraction of high quality RNA from brown algae

    for transcriptomic analysis

    Sandra Heinrich

    Chapter 29 Induction of sexual reproduction in Spirogyra

    cultures for laser capture microdissection of gametes

    and zygotes

    Denis Saint-Marcoux and Jane A. Langdale

    Chapter 30 Cloning and expression strategies for the

    postgenomic analysis of brown algae

    Agnès Groisillier

    Chapter 31 Polyethylene glycol-mediated transformation in

    the green macroalga Ulva mutabilis (Chlorophyta):

    A forward genetics approach

    Jens Boesger, Michiel Kwantes, and Thomas Wichard

    Index

    Biography

    Dr. Bénédicte Charrier is a senior scientist from CNRS working at Station Biologique Roscoff, France. She is a specialist of macroalgae morphogenesis and development, with an expertise on the filmentous alga Ectocarpus siliculosus. She is currently the Chair of the European network "Phycomorph", supported by the Cooperation in Science & Technology (COST) Association (2015-2019), which aims to coordinate research in growth, reproduction, and morphogenesis of macroalgae in Europe and in association with Asian and North American laboratories.

    Dr. Thomas Wichard is a research group leader at the Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry of the Friedrich Schiller University Jena. The main focus of his research group is to elucidate the mutualistic interactions between bacteria and the marine macroalga Ulva ("cross-kingdom-cross-talk"). The group applies various methodologies in analytical chemistry, chemical ecology and molecular biology to understand the basis of eco-physiological processes.

    Dr. CRK Reddy is a Chief Scientist in Seaweed Biology and Biotechnology Cultivation at CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute in Bhavnagar, India. He is an expert in marine macroalgae, making significant contributions to macroalgae tissue culture and protoplast techniques including genetic improvement of seaweeds, seaweed biomass for chemicals and biofuels, seaweed biodiversity, and seaweed biology and cultivation.

    "This book is an impressive picture of the tremendous evolution of phycology during the ten past years. Each PhD student and postdoctoral researcher should have it in its laboratory; he will find in it the basic most recent protocols ready to use for his study, and the matter for imaginative, limitless experiments."
    Bruno de Reviers, Muséum National d’histoire Naturelle, Paris, France

    "There have been prior textbooks on methods in phycology, but this book brings techniques up to date. The book seeks to aid the reader to actually be able to replicate research protocols. An array of subject matter experts has been accumulated to produce 31chapters. The book is logically laid out with the reader in mind, explains techniques, and provides best-practice advice on how to carry out protocols successfully."
    Alan T Critchley, Cape Breton University, Nova Scotia, Canada

    "This book is a well written and informative guide to methods for macroalgal (seaweed) culture and analysis. It is notable for the broad coverage of macroalgal biology, from culture approaches, through methods for compositional analysis to the newer molecular approaches of metabolomics and transcriptomics. It will certainly prove to be a useful resource for those involved in macroalgal culture and biotechnology."
    John Beardall, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

    "The book covers a wide range of topics: From large-scale macroalgal cultivation to the biochemical and molecular characterization. I can see that each of the individual chapters has been written by leading experts in the respective field. I am very happy about the approach to present theoretical background first and then provide step-by-step protocols to help implementing methods in lab routines This book represents a significant enrichment to the lab work of each phycology scholar. My PhD students will be very happy with it!"
    Kai Bischof, University of Bremen, Germany

    "A well-balanced selection of topics covering all main subjects relating to 21th century phycology (genetics – development – aquaculture). This is what makes this book quite unique and given the interest in seaweed for aquaculture in the western part of the world, I think this book will be warmly received."
    Olivier De Clerck, Ghent University, Belgium

    "A really useful new addition to the literature on algae and their uses, with detailed methods for the study of these organisms, which have considerable potential in the blue economy. Thirty-one chapters in three sections (cultivating and preserving seaweeds: chemical composition; cellular and molecular characterization), by experts in their fields. Research oriented, with detailed explanations on how new techniques can be applied to the burgeoning new industries based on algal materials. Covers a wide variety of detailed methods, from culture (from commercial aquaculture to bacteria-free algal studies); through chemical constituents and health aspects, molecular techniques (including cloning and transformation); as well as detailed modern microscopic techniques on macroalgae and their related bacterial flora."
    John J Bolton, University of Cape Town, South Africa

    "A timely, well produced book containing state of the art information on a range of methodologies relevant to seaweed scientists. It fills a large gap in the available literature and will be an essential resource for both budding and experienced macroalgal researchers."
    Catriona Hurd, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia