5th Edition
Race/Gender/Class/Media Considering Diversity Across Audiences, Content, and Producers
The fifth edition of this popular textbook considers diversity in the mass media in three main settings: Audiences, Content, and Production.
The book brings together 55 readings – the majority newly commissioned for this edition – by scholars representing a variety of humanities and social science disciplines. Together, these readings provide a multifaceted and intersectional look at how race, gender, and class relate to the creation and use of media texts, as well as the media texts themselves. Designed to be flexible for use in the classroom, the book begins with a detailed introduction to key concepts and presents a contextualizing introduction to each of the three main sections. Each reading contains multiple 'It’s Your Turn' activities to foster student engagement and which can serve as the basis for assignments. The book also offers a list of resources – books, articles, films, and websites – that are of value to students and instructors.
This volume is an essential introduction to interdisciplinary studies of race, gender, and class across both digital and legacy media.
1. Laying a Foundation for Studying Race, Gender, Class, and the Media
Rebecca Ann Lind
Part I: Audiences
2. Media Effects
2.1 The Social Psychology of Stereotypes and Bias: Implications for Media Audiences
Bradley W. Gorham
2.2 Black Criminality 3.0: The Centrality of Stereotypes in the 21st Century
Travis L. Dixon
2.3 Positive Media Psychology: The Role of Uplifting Media in Encouraging Social Good
Mary Beth Oliver, Bingbing Zhang, and Magdalayna Drivas
2.4 Body Image and Adolescent Girls’ Selfie Posting, Editing, and Investment
Jennifer Stevens Aubrey and Larissa Terán
2.5 Social Media Use and Well-Being: A Comparison between the General Population and US Military Veterans
Marina Krcmar, Habiba Ahmed, and Frank Robinson
2.6 Examining Information Gathering for Socially Vulnerable Populations
Cory L. Armstrong and Anna Grace Usery
2.7 Who Deserves a Break? How Race and Class Shape Support for the Child Tax Credit
Alina Renee Oxendine
3. Audience Studies
3.1 Arguing over Images: Native American Mascots and Race
C. Richard King
3.2 Fashioning the Ummah: A Thoroughly Modern Muslim Movement
Sabah Firoz Uddin
3.3 The (Climate) Revolution Will Not be Colonized
Carolyn M. Cunningham
3.4 A Case Study of Race and Twitter Activism: #BamaSits in Response to Colin Kaepernick
George L. Daniels
3.5 How TV News Makes Arabs and Muslims Feel About Themselves
Dina Ibrahim and Aymen Abdel Halim
3.6 The Individualization of Violence: Audience Readings of Direct, Structural, and Cultural Gender Violence in Casi Divas
Rebeca Maseda García, Dayna Jean DeFeo, and Zeynep Kılıç
3.7 "Somebody Is Bound to Call You Out": Latinx Youth Digital Media Use and Political Participation
Vanessa de Macedo Higgins Joyce, Issa Galvan, and Jené Shepherd
Part II: Content
4. Journalism and Advertising
4.1 I Am Not Your Negro: James Baldwin’s Challenge to America and its Media
Dwight E. Brooks
4.2 Searching for a Safe Space: Representations of the Latinx Community on Identity Focused News Sites
Christopher S. Josey and Andrea Figueroa-Caballero
4.3 A Critical Discourse Analysis on Anti-Asian Sentiment and the Pandemic
Diem-My T. Bui
4.4 Framing the Enbridge Oil Pipeline #3 Project in Indigenous and Mainstream Local Newspapers
Emily Riewestahl, Emilee Baker, Srividya Ramasubramanian, and Laura "Anangokwe" Merchant
4.5 Exploring Media Framing of Transgender Politicians in the US
Newly Paul
4.6 Framing Feminism
Rebecca Ann Lind and Colleen Salo Aravena
4.7 Framing the Immigration Story
Patti Brown
4.8 The Framing of Colin Kaepernick Before and After the Killing of George Floyd
Jean Marie Brown
4.9 "The More You Subtract, the More You Add": Cutting Girls Down to Size in Advertising
Jean Kilbourne
4.10 Sex Sells—but Gender Brands
Greg Niedt and Julia C. Richmond
4.11 Panning from War to Love: "Good Optics" and the Weaponizing Gaze of Military Women’s Political Campaigns
Mary Douglas Vavrus
4.12 lululemon is for everyone! Isn’t it?: Post-racial politics in Run Outside the Lines
Seonah Kim & jas l moultrie
5. Film and Television
5.1 How (Not) to Interrupt the Intractable Whiteness of Late-Night Comedy
Jonathan Rossing
5.2 A Bloody Mess: Menstruation Imagery in the Media
Natalie Jolly
5.3 Bella’s Choice: Deconstructing Ideology and Power in The Twilight Saga
Leslie A. Grinner
5.4 Race, Hierarchy, and Hyenaphobia in The Lion King
Naomi Rockler-Gladen
5.5 Moana and Raya to the Rescue: New Representations of Disney Heroines
Sarah E. Fryett
5.6 Wicked Stepmothers Wear Dior: Hollywood’s Modern Fairy Tales
Lea M. Popielinski
5.7 It’s Okay That We Back-Stab Each Other: Cultural Myths That Fuel the Battling Female in The Bachelor
Jennifer S. Kramer
5.8 Female Friendship and Intersectional Allyship on Brooklyn Nine-Nine
Madison Barnes-Nelson
5.9 Hegemony in Romantic Comedies: The Political Woman in Long Shot
Kyra Heatly
5.10 Honing Hegemonic Masculinity: A Look at I Love You, Man and Get Hard
Sarah E. Fryett
5.11 Batman in the Barrio: A Critical Look at the Latinidad of Male Latinx characters in Suicide Squad, El Chicano, and Spider-man: Into the Spider-Verse
Anthony R. Ramirez
5.12 Category is Pandemic Realness: Pose and That Old Pandemic
Robert Alan Brookey and Maria Williams-Hawkins
6. Music and Digital Media
6.1 "Trust Me. I Am not a Racist": Whiteness, Media, and Millennials
Christopher P. Campbell
6.2 Hip Hop’s White House Guest: Jack Harlow and White Rap Authenticating Strategies
Melvin L. Williams and Michael Huertas
6.3 Eminem’s "Love the Way You Lie" and the Normalization of Men’s Violence against Women
Rachel Alicia Griffin and Joshua D. Phillips
6.4 Not Just Jezebel: Black Women, Nicki Minaj, and Sexualized Imagery in Rap Music
Kiana Cox
6.5 The Marriage of Family Values and Hate: The Rise of Anti-Gay Internet Hate Speech
Cynthia A. Cooper
6.6 Stay Sexy and Don’t Get Murdered: White Feminism and True Crime for Women
Laurie Ouellette
6.7 "The Issues That are Taking Place in the World Affect Us": How the Minnesota Lynx Cracked the Code for Putting Social Justice into Social Media
Andrew C. Billings and Joshua R. Jackson
6.8 Maru on Instagram: Cute Studies and the Intersectional Vectors of Difference
Gust A. Yep and Ryan M. Lescure
6.9 A Guild of Stereotypes: Examining Gender, Race, and Nerd Stereotypes in The Guild
Joseph Hoffswell
Part III: Production
7. Media Industries and Producing Media Content
7.1 "Never About My Work, Never About My Motivations": Exploring Online Experiences of Women Journalists of Color
Gina M. Chen and Paromita Pain
7.2 Conversations on Race and Entertainment Media: Between Theory and Industry
Charisse L’Pree Corsbie-Massay and Kandice N. Green
7.3 A Careful Balance: An Examination of Challenges Facing Native American Journalists in Their Work as Advocates, Educators, and Storytellers
Melissa Greene-Blye
7.4 The Historical Contexts of Women’s and People of Color’s Access to Broadcasting
Rebecca Ann Lind
7.5 What Was She Thinking?: Encoding Meaning in Three Modern Rape-Revenge Films
Barbara G. Friedman
7.6 Eddie Huang: Fresh Off the Boat
Dear Aunaetitrakul
7.7 Is Siri a Little Bit Racist?: Recognizing and Confronting Algorithmic Bias in Emerging Media
Michael L Austin
7.8 Non-Binary Binaries and Unreal MetaHumans
Eric Freedman
8 Epilogue and Resources
Rebecca Ann Lind
Biography
Rebecca Ann Lind is Associate Professor and Director of Undergraduate Studies in the Department of Communication at the University of Illinois at Chicago. Her research interests include race, gender, class, and media; new media studies; media ethics; journalism; and audiences.
