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1st Edition

Responsible Use of AI in Military Systems

Edited By Jan Maarten Schraagen Copyright 2024

386 Pages 11 B/W Illustrations

by Chapman & Hall

386 Pages 11 B/W Illustrations

by Chapman & Hall

Description

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is widely used in society today. The (mis)use of biased data sets in machine learning applications is well‑known, resulting in discrimination and exclusion of citizens. Another example is the use of non‑transparent algorithms that can’t explain themselves to users, resulting in the AI not being trusted and therefore not being used when it might be beneficial to use... Read more

Table of Contents

Preface

Acknowledgements

Editor

Contributors

1 Introduction to Responsible Use of AI in Military Systems

Jan Maarten Schraagen

SECTION I Implementing Military AI Responsibly: Models and Approaches

2 A Socio‑Technical Feedback Loop for Responsible Military AI Life‑Cycles from Governance to Operation

Marlijn Heijnen, Tjeerd Schoonderwoerd, Mark Neerincx, Jasper van der Waa, Leon Kester, Jurriaan van Diggelen, and Pieter Elands

3 How Can Responsible AI Be Implemented?

Wolfgang Koch and Florian Keisinger

4 A Qualitative Risk Evaluation Model for AI‑Enabled Military Systems

Ravi Panwar

5 Applying Responsible AI Principles into Military AI Products and Services: A Practical Approach

Michael Street and Sandro Bjelogrlic

6 Unreliable AIs for the Military

Guillaume Gadek

SECTION II Liability and Accountability of Individuals and States

7 Methods to Mitigate Risks Associated with the Use of AI in the Military Domain

Shannon Cooper, Damian Copeland, and Lauren Sanders

8 ‘Killer Pays’: State Liability for the Use of Autonomous Weapons Systems in the Battlespace

Diego Mauri

9 Military AI and Accountability of Individuals and States for War Crimes in the Ukraine

Dan Saxon

10 Scapegoats!: Assessing the Liability of Programmers and Designers for Autonomous Weapons Systems

Afonso Seixas Nunes, SJ

SECTION III Human Control in Human–AI Military Teams

11 Rethinking ‘Meaningful Human Control’

Linda Eggert

12 AlphaGo’s Move 37 and Its Implications for AI‑Supported Military Decision‑Making

Thomas W. Simpson

13 Bad, Mad, and Cooked: Moral Responsibility for Civilian Harms in Human–AI Military Teams

S. Kate Devitt

14 Neglect Tolerance as a Measure for Responsible Human Delegation

Christopher A. Miller and Richard G. Freedman

SECTION IV Policy Aspects

15 Strategic Interactions: The Economic Complements of AI and the Political Context of War

Jon R. Lindsay

16 Promoting Responsible State Behavior on the Use of AI in the Military Domain: Lessons Learned from Multilateral Security Negotiations on Digital Technologies

Kerstin Vignard

SECTION V Bounded Autonomy

17 Bounded Autonomy

Jan Maarten Schraagen

Index

Editor(s)

Biography

Jan Maarten Schraagen is Principal Scientist at TNO, The Netherlands. His research interests include human-autonomy teaming and responsible AI. He is main editor of Cognitive Task Analysis (2000) and Naturalistic Decision Making and Macrocognition (2008) and co-editor of the Oxford Handbook of Expertise (2020). He is editor in chief of the Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making. Dr. Schraagen holds a PhD in Cognitive Psychology from the University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

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