1st Edition
SC-FDMA for Mobile Communications
SC-FDMA for Mobile Communications examines Single-Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA). Explaining this rapidly evolving system for mobile communications, it describes its advantages and limitations and outlines possible solutions for addressing its current limitations.
The book explores the emerging trend of cooperative communication with SC-FDMA and how it can improve the physical layer security. It considers the design of distributed coding schemes and protocols for wireless relay networks where users cooperate to send their data to the destination.
Supplying you with the required foundation in cooperative communication and cooperative diversity, it presents an improved Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT)-based SC-FDMA system. It introduces a distributed space–time coding scheme and evaluates its performance and studies distributed SFC for broadband relay channels.
- Presents relay selection schemes for improving the physical layer
- Introduces a new transceiver scheme for the SC-FDMA system
- Describes space–time/frequency coding schemes for SC-FDMA
- Includes MATLAB® codes for all simulation experiments
The book investigates Carrier Frequency Offsets (CFO) for the Single-Input Single-Output (SISO) SC-FDMA system, and Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) SC-FDMA system simulation software. Covering the design of cooperative diversity schemes for the SC-FDMA system in the uplink direction, it also introduces and studies a new transceiver scheme for the SC-FDMA system.
Introduction
Motivations for Single-Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access
Evolution of Cellular Wireless Communications
Mobile Radio Channel
Slow and Fast Fading
Frequency-Flat and Frequency-Selective Fading
Channel Equalization
Multicarrier Communication Systems
OFDM System
OFDMA System 1
Multicarrier CDMA System 1
Single-Carrier Communication Systems
SC-FDE System
DFT-SC-FDMA System
DFT-SC-FDMA System
Introduction
Subcarrier Mapping Methods
DFT-SC-FDMA System Model
Time-Domain Symbols of the DFT-SC-FDMA System
Time-Domain Symbols of the DFT-IFDMA System
Time-Domain Symbols of the DFT-LFDMA System
OFDMA vs. DFT-SC-FDMA
Power Amplifier
Peak Power Problem
Sensitivity to Nonlinear Amplification
Sensitivity to A/D and D/A Resolutions
Peak-to-Average Power Ratio
Pulse-Shaping Filters
Simulation Examples
Simulation Parameters
CCDF Performance
Impact of the Input Block Size
Impact of the Output Block Size
Impact of the Power Amplifier
DCT-SC-FDMA System
Introduction
DCT
Definition of the DCT
Energy Compaction Property of the DCT
DCT-SC-FDMA System Model
Complexity Evaluation
Time-Domain Symbols of the DCT-SC-FDMA System
Time-Domain Symbols of the DCT-IFDMA System
Time-Domain Symbols of the DCT-LFDMA System
Simulation Examples
Simulation Parameters
BER Performance
CCDF Performance
Impact of the Input Block Size
Impact of the Output Block Size
Impact of the Power Amplifier
Transceiver Schemes for SC-FDMA Systems
Introduction
PAPR Reduction Methods
Clipping Method
Companding Method
Hybrid Clipping and Companding
Discrete Wavelet Transform
Implementation of the DWT
Haar Wavelet Transform
Wavelet-based Transceiver Scheme
Mathematical Model
Two-Level Decomposition
Complexity Evaluation
Simulation Examples
Simulation Parameters
Results of the DFT-SC-FDMA System
Results of the DCT-SC-FDMA System
Carrier Frequency Offsets in SC-FDMA Systems
Introduction
System Models in the Presence of CFOs
DFT-SC-FDMA System Model
DCT-SC-FDMA System Model
Conventional CFOs Compensation Schemes
Single-User Detector
Circular-Convolution Detector
MMSE Scheme
Mathematical Model
Banded-System Implementation
Complexity Evaluation
MMSE+PIC Scheme
Mathematical Model
Simulation Examples
Simulation Parameters
Impact of the CFOs
Results of the MMSE Scheme
DFT-SC-FDMA System
DCT-SC-FDMA System
Results of the MMSE+PIC Scheme
DFT-SC-FDMA System
DCT-SC-FDMA System
Impact of Estimation Errors
DFT-SC-FDMA System
DCT-SC-FDMA System
Equalization and CFOs Compensation for MIMO SC-FDMA Systems
Introduction
MIMO System Models in the Absence of CFOs
SM DFT-SC-FDMA System Model
SFBC DFT-SC-FDMA System Model
SFBC DCT-SC-FDMA System Model
SM DCT-SC-FDMA System Model
MIMO Equalization Schemes
MIMO ZF Equalization Scheme
MIMO MMSE Equalization Scheme
LRZF Equalization Scheme
Mathematical Model
Complexity Evaluation
DFT-SC-FDMA System
DCT-SC-FDMA System
MIMO System Models in the Presence of CFOs
System Model
Signal-to-Interference Ratio
Joint Equalization and CFOs Compensation Schemes
JLRZF Equalization Scheme
JMMSE Equalization Scheme
Complexity Evaluation
Simulation Examples
Simulation Parameters
Absence of CFOs
Results of the LRZF
Equalization Scheme
Impact of Estimation Errors
Presence of CFOs
Results of the JLRZF
Equalization Scheme
Results of the JMMSE
Equalization Scheme
Impact of Estimation Errors
Fundamentals of Cooperative Communications
Introduction
Diversity Techniques and MIMO Systems
Diversity Techniques
Multiple-Antenna Systems
Classical Relay Channel
Cooperative Communication
Cooperative Diversity Protocols
Direct Transmission
Amplify and Forward
Fixed Decode and Forward
Selection Decode and Forward
Compress and Forward
Cooperative Diversity Techniques
Cooperative Diversity Based on Repetition Coding
Cooperative Diversity Based on Space–Time Coding
Cooperative Diversity Based on Relay Selection
Cooperative Diversity Based on Channel Coding
Cooperative Space–Time /Frequency Coding Schemes for SC-FDMA Systems
SC-FDMA System Model
SISO SC-FDMA System Model
MIMO SC-FDMA System Model
Cooperative Space–Frequency Coding for SC-FDMA System
Motivation and Cooperation Strategy
Cooperative Space–Frequency Code for SC-FDMA with the DF Protocol
Peak-to-Average Power Ratio
Cooperative Space–Time Code for SC-FDMA
Simulation Examples
Relaying Techniques for Improving the Physical Layer Security
System and Channel Models
Relay and Jammers Selection Schemes
Selection Schemes with Noncooperative Eavesdroppers
Noncooperative Eavesdroppers without Jamming (NC)
Noncooperative Eavesdroppers with Jamming (NCJ)
Noncooperative Eavesdroppers with Controlled Jamming (NCCJ)
Selection Schemes with Cooperative Eavesdroppers
Cooperative Eavesdroppers without Jamming (Cw/oJ)
Cooperative Eavesdroppers with Jamming (CJ)
Cooperative Eavesdroppers with Controlled Jamming (CCJ)
Simulation Examples
Appendix A: Channel Models
Appendix B: Derivation of the Interference Coefficients for the DFT-SC-FDMA System over an AWGN Channel
Appendix C: Derivation of the Interference Coefficients for the DCT -SC -FDMA System over an AWGN Channel
Appendix D: Derivation of the Optimum Solution of the JLRZF Scheme in Chapter 6
Appendix E: Derivations for Chapter 9
Appendix F: MATLAB® Simulation Codes for Chapters 2 through 6
Appendix G: MATLAB® Simulation Codes for Chapters 7 through 9
Biography
Fathi E. Abd El-Samie received his BSc (Honors), MSc, and PhD from Menoufia University, Menouf, Egypt, in 1998, 2001, and 2005, respectively. Since 2005, he has been a teaching staff member with the Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Menoufia University. He currently serves as a researcher at KACST-TIC in Radio Frequency and Photonics for the e-Society (RFTONICs). He is a coauthor of about 200 papers in international conference proceedings and journals and of 4 textbooks. His research interests include image enhancement, image restoration, image interpolation, super-resolution reconstruction of images, data hiding, multimedia communications, medical image processing, optical signal processing, and digital communications. Dr. Abd El-Samie received the Most Cited Paper Award from the Digital Signal Processing journal in 2008.
Faisal S. Al-Kamali received his BSc in electronics and communications engineering from the Faculty of Engineering, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq, in 2001. He received his MSc and PhD in communication engineering from the Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Menoufia University, Menouf, Egypt, in 2008 and 2011, respectively. He joined the teaching staff of the Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen, in 2011. He is a coauthor of several papers in international conferences and journals. His research interests include CDMA systems, OFDMA systems, single-carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA) system, MIMO systems, interference cancellation, synchronization, channel equalization, and channel estimation.
Azzam Y. Al-nahari received his BSc in electronics and communications engineering from the University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq. He received his MSc and PhD from Menoufia University, Egypt, in 2008 and 2011, respectively. He was also a postdoctoral fellow in the Department of Electrical and Information Technology, Lund University, Sweden. He currently serves as an assistant professor in the Department of Electrical Engineering, Ibb University, Yemen. His research interests include MIMO systems, OFDM, cooperative communications and physical layer security.
Moawad I. Dessouky received his BSc (Honors) and MSc from the Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Menoufia University, Menouf, Egypt, in 1976 and 1981, respectively, and his PhD from McMaster University, Canada, in 1986. He joined the teaching staff of the Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Menoufia University, Menouf, Egypt, in 1986. He has published more than 200 scientific papers in national and international conference proceedings and journals. He currently serves as the vice dean of the Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Menoufia University. Dr. Dessouky received the Most Cited Paper Award from Digital Signal Processing journal in 2008. His research interests include spectral estimation techniques, image enhancement, image restoration, super-resolution reconstruction of images, satellite communications, and spread spectrum techniques.