1st Edition
Saints as Intercessors between the Wealthy and the Divine Art and Hagiography among the Medieval Merchant Classes
Offering snapshots of mercantile devotion to saints in different regions, this volume is the first to ask explicitly how merchants invoked saints, and why. Despite medieval and modern stereotypes of merchants as godless and avaricious, medieval traders were highly devout – and rightly so. Overseas trade was dangerous, and merchants’ commercial activities were seen as jeopardizing their souls. Merchants turned to saints for protection and succor, identifying those most likely to preserve their goods, families, reputations, and souls.
The essays in this collection, written from diverse angles, range across later medieval western Europe, from Spain to Italy to England and the Hanseatic League. They offer a multi-disciplinary examination of the ways that medieval merchants, from petty traders to influential overseas wholesalers, deployed the cults of saints. Three primary themes are addressed: danger, community, and the unity of spiritual and cultural capital. Each of these themes allows the international panel of contributors to demonstrate the significant role of saints in mercantile life.
This book is unique in its exploration of saints and commerce, shedding light on the everyday role religion played in medieval life. As such, it will be of keen interest to scholars of religious history, medieval history, art history, and literature.
1 Introduction
Emily Kelley and Cynthia Turner Camp
2 Cuthbertine Hermits and North Sea Merchant Traders
Christiania Whitehead
3 The Sunday Saint: Keeping a Holy "Merchant’s Time" in the Middle English Life of Erasmus
Cynthia Turner Camp
4 Birgitta of Sweden and the Merchant Classes of Lübeck
Elizabeth A. Andersen
5 For the Hope of Salvation and the Honor of Family: Merchant Devotional Concerns in Early Sixteenth-Century Burgos.
Emily Kelley
6 For Salvation or Reputation? The Representation of Saints in a Jouvenel des Ursins Book of Hours
Jennifer Courts
7 Spaces and Times for Worship: Merchant Devotion to the Saints in Late Medieval Barcelona
Montserrat Barniol López
8 The Fisher Miscellany: Reconstructing a Late Medieval Merchant Family’s Book and its Fashionable Hagiography
Joni Henry
9 London’s Goldsmiths and the Cult of St. Dunstan, ca. 1430-1530
Gary G. Gibbs
10 Success, Salvation, and Servitude: Tallinn’s Brotherhood of the Black Heads and its Relationship with Local and Regional Saint Cults
Lehti Mairike Keelmann
11 Reanimating the Power of Holy Protectors: Merchants and their Saints in the Visual Culture of Medieval and Early Modern Venice
Karen Rose Mathews
12 Afterword: The Service of Merchants: Politics, Wealth, and Intercessional Devotion in Later Medieval Italy
Janine Larmon Peterson
Biography
Emily Kelley is Associate Professor of Art History in the Art Department at Saginaw Valley State University in Michigan, USA. Her research focuses on mercantile patronage and representations of saints’ lives in fifteenth- and sixteenth-century Spanish art. She is co-editor of two books, Binding the absent body in medieval and modern art: Abject, virtual, and alternate bodies (2016) and Mendicants and merchants in the medieval Mediterranean (2013).
Cynthia Turner Camp is Associate Professor of English at the University of Georgia, USA. She specializes in English saints’ lives, manuscript studies, and medieval historiography. Her 2015 monograph, Anglo-Saxon saints’ lives as history writing in late medieval England, argues for the centrality of narratives of Anglo-Saxon saints in the late medieval rethinking of a shared English religious history.
