Social Enterprise in Western Europe Theory, Models and Practice

Part I: National Overviews of Social Enterprise. 

1. Unity in Diversity: Exploring the Multiple Facets of the Belgian Social Enterprise Landscape

Benjamin Huybrechts, Marthe Nyssens and Jacques Defourny

2. Social Enterprise in Denmark: Historical, Contextual and Conceptual Aspects

Linda Lundgaard Andersen, Lars Hulgård and Gurli Jakobsen

3. A New Typology of Social Enterprise in Finland: Capturing the Diversity

Harri Kostilainen, Eeva Houtbeckers and Pekka Pättiniemi 

4. Social Enterprise in France: At the Crossroads of the Social Economy, Solidarity Economy and Social Entrepreneurship?

Francesca Petrella, Nadine Richez-Battesti, Laurent Fraisse, Jean-Louis Laville and Laurent Gardin 

5. Social Enterprise in Germany: Between Institutional Inertia, Innovation and Cooperation

Nicole Göler von Ravensburg, Georg Mildenberger and Gorgi Krlev 

6. Social Enterprise in Iceland: The Long Journey Towards a Hybrid Welfare Model

Steinunn Hrafnsdóttir and Ómar H. Kristmundsson 

7. Social Enterprise in Ireland: State Support Key to the Predominance of Work-Integration Social Enterprise (WISE)

Patricia O’Hara and Mary O’Shaughnessy 

8. Social Enterprise in Italy: A Plurality of Business and Organisational Models

Simone Poledrini and Carlo Borzaga

9. Social Enterprise in the Netherlands: Between Hope and Hype

Philip Marcel Karré 

10. Social Enterprises in Norway: Models and Institutional Trajectories

Bernard Enjolras, Jill M. Loga, Lars U. Kobro and Hans A. Hauge 

11. Social Enterprise in Portugal: Concepts, Contexts and Models

Sílvia Ferreira and Joana Almeida 

12. Social Enterprise in Spain: From a Diversity of Roots to a Tentative Typology of Models

Millán Díaz-Foncea, Esther Villajos, Teresa Savall, Carmen Guzmán, Francisco Javier Santos, Marta Solórzano-García, Chaime Marcuello-Servós, Rafael Chaves-Ávila and Carmen Marcuello 

13. Social Enterprises in Sweden: Intertextual Consensus and Hidden Paradoxes

Malin Gawell 

14. Social Enterprise Approaches in Switzerland

Michaël Gonin, Nicolas Gachet and Philipp Erpf 

15. Social Enterprise in the UK: Models and Trajectories

Mike Aiken, Roger Spear, Fergus Lyon, Simon Teasdale, Richard Hazenberg, Mike Bull and Anna Kopec Massey

Part II: Comparative Analyses and Perspectives. 

16. Social Enterprises in France, Portugal and Spain: Between Path Dependence and Institutional Creation?

Francesca Petrella, Nadine Richez-Battesti, Marta Solórzano-García and Sílvia Ferreira 

17. Social Enterprise in Belgium, Germany and the Netherlands: Where the Old Meets the New

Philip Marcel Karré 

18. Between Coercive and Mimetic Institutional Isomorphism: Social Enterprise and the Universal Scandinavian Welfare State

Bernard Enjolras, Linda Lundgaard Andersen, Malin Gawell and Jill M. Loga 

19. How Context Shapes the Character of Cooperative Social Enterprises: Insights from Various Countries

Nicole Göler von Ravensburg, Richard Lang, Simone Poledrini and Marzena Starnawska 

20. Testing the Relevance of Major Social Enterprise Models in Western Europe

Jacques Defourny, Marthe Nyssens and Olivier Brolis 

Biography

Jacques Defourny is Professor Emeritus at the Centre for Social Economy, HEC Management School, University of Liege, Belgium. He was a founder and the first President of the EMES International Research Network.

Marthe Nyssens is President of the EMES International Research Network and Professor and Pro-Rector "Society and Transition", UCLouvain, Belgium.