34th Edition

South America, Central America and the Caribbean 2026

Edited By Europa Publications Copyright 2026
1094 Pages
by Routledge

A unique combination of the latest data on, and detailed analysis of, a vast region. Scrupulously revised and updated, this definitive survey of the countries and territories of South America, Central America and the Caribbean combines expert analysis and commentary, up-to-date economic and socio-political data and extensive directory information. General Survey Essays by leading experts on... Read more

PART ONE: Topical Essays

 

The Caribbean Court of Justice: Furthering Independence and Decolonization? Dr SAFIYA ALI

Latin America’s Energy Crisis Prof. LISA M. GLIDDEN

 

Republicanism, Reparations and Reform: Will the Commonwealth Caribbean Become `Totally Free’? Prof. PETER CLEGG

 

The Caribbean and China: Evolving Relations, A Caribbean Perspective

Dr ANTONIO ALLEYNE

 

Religion in Latin America and the Caribbean: Past, Present and Possible Futures MANOELA CARPENEDO

 

 

PART TWO: Country Surveys

 

ANGUILLA

History MARK WILSON

Economy MARK WILSON

 

ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA

History MARK WILSON

Economy MARK WILSON

 

ARGENTINA

History Dr CHRISTOPHER WYLDE

Economy Dr CHRISTOPHER WYLDE

 

ARUBA

 

THE BAHAMAS

History Prof. ANNE ULENTIN

Economy Prof. OLIVIA SAUNDERS

 

BARBADOS

History Dr HENDERSON CARTER

Economy DELISLE WORRELL

 

BELIZE

History PHILIP CASTILLO

Economy PHILIP CASTILLO

 

BERMUDA

 

BOLIVIA

History Dr ANGUS McNELLY

Economy Dr ANGUS McNELLY

 

BONAIRE

 

BRAZIL

History Prof. FRANCISCO PANIZZA

Economy Prof. MAURO RODRIGUES

 

THE BRITISH VIRGIN ISLANDS

 

THE CAYMAN ISLANDS

 

CHILE

History Dr MATTHIAS ERLANDSEN

Economy Dr IVAN LUZARDO-LUNA

 

COLOMBIA

History JORGE LUIS FABRA-ZAMORA and ANDRÉS MOLINA-OCHOA

Economy Dr IVAN LUZARDO-LUNA

 

COSTA RICA

History Dr DAVID DÍAZ ARIAS

Economy Dr ANTHONY GOEBEL McDERMOTT

 

CUBA

History Dr STEPHEN WILKINSON

Economy Dr EMILY MORRIS

 

CURAÇAO

 

DOMINICA

History MARK WILSON

Economy MARK WILSON

 

THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC

History DAVID LEA

Economy DAVID LEA

 

ECUADOR

History Dr MARC BECKER

Economy Dr ESTEBAN NICHOLLS ANDRADE

 

EL SALVADOR

History HILARY GOODFRIEND

Economy HILARY GOODFRIEND

 

THE FALKLAND ISLANDS

 

FRENCH GUIANA

History Dr NATHALIE MRGUDOVIC

Economy Dr NATHALIE MRGUDOVIC

 

 

GRENADA

History MARK WILSON

Economy MARK WILSON

 

 

GUADELOUPE

History Dr NATHALIE MRGUDOVIC

Economy Dr NATHALIE MRGUDOVIC

 

GUATEMALA

History Prof. MICHAEL E. ALLISON and Dr LUCAS PERELLÓ

Economy Prof. MICHAEL E. ALLISON

 

GUYANA

History Dr DIANNA DASILVA-GLASGOW

Economy Dr THOMAS SINGH

 

HAITI

History Dr STEPHEN WILKINSON

Economy CARL-HENRI PROPHÈTE

 

HONDURAS

History Dr ANDRÉS LEÓN ARAYA

Economy Prof. ROBERT E. LOONEY

 

JAMAICA

History Dr CAROL NELSON

Economy Dr CHRISTINE CLARKE

 

MARTINIQUE

History Dr NATHALIE MRGUDOVIC

Economy Dr NATHALIE MRGUDOVIC

 

MEXICO

History Prof. FRANCISCO E. GONZÁLEZ

Economy Prof. FRANCISCO E. GONZÁLEZ

 

MONTSERRAT

History MARK WILSON

Economy MARK WILSON

 

NICARAGUA

History Prof. ROBERT E. LOONEY

Economy Prof. ROBERT E. LOONEY

 

PANAMA

History Prof. JULIE M. BUNCK

Economy Prof. JULIE M. BUNCK

 

PARAGUAY

History Prof. PETER LAMBERT

Economy FABIOLA MARTÍNEZ CABRERA

 

PERU

History Dr RONALD BRUCE ST JOHN

Economy Dr ESTEBAN NICHOLLS ANDRADE

 

PUERTO RICO

History Prof. EMILIO PANTOJAS GARCÍA

Economy Dr MIGUEL A. RIVERA-QUIÑONES

 

SABA

 

SAINT-BARTHÉLEMY

 

SAINT KITTS AND NEVIS

History MARK WILSON

Economy MARK WILSON

 

SAINT LUCIA

History MARK WILSON

Economy MARK WILSON

 

SAINT-MARTIN

 

SAINT VINCENT AND THE GRENADINES

History MARK WILSON

Economy MARK WILSON

 

SINT EUSTATIUS

 

SINT MAARTEN

 

SOUTH GEORGIA AND THE SOUTH SANDWICH ISLANDS

 

SURINAME

History Prof. WIL HOUT

Economy Prof. WIL HOUT

 

TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO

History Dr RADICA MAHASE

Economy KEVIN BALDEOSINGH

 

THE TURKS AND CAICOS ISLANDS

 

THE UNITED STATES VIRGIN ISLANDS

 

URUGUAY

History Prof. FRANCISCO PANIZZA

Economy Prof. FRANCISCO PANIZZA

 

VENEZUELA

History Prof. Dr ANNA AYUSO and Prof. Dr SUSANNE GRATIUS

Economy Prof. Dr ANNA AYUSO and Prof. Dr SUSANNE GRATIUS

 

PART THREE: Regional Information

 

REGIONAL ORGANIZATIONS

MAJOR COMMODITIES OF LATIN AMERICA

RESEARCH INSTITUTES

SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY (BOOKS)

SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY (PERIODICALS)

INDEX OF REGIONAL ORGANIZATIONS

Biography

Europa Publications’ regional publications are compiled by a team of editors and researchers, with introductory and country-specific material provided by specialists in their field:

Dr Safiya Ali. Lecturer in Law at the University of the West Indies, St Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago, and Attorney-at-Law specializing in international law, international organizations and regional integration.

Dr Antonio Alleyne. Lecturer in Economics at the University of the West Indies, Cave Hill Campus, Barbados.

Prof. Michael E. Allison. Professor and Chair of Political Science at the University of Scranton, Scranton, PA, USA.

Prof. Dr Anna Ayuso. Senior Research Fellow at Barcelona Centre for International Affairs (CIDOB), Barcelona, Spain.

Kevin Baldeosingh. Writer specializing in the economic history of Trinidad and Tobago.

Dr Marc Becker. Professor of History, Latin American History, at Truman State University, Kirksville, MO, USA.

Prof. Julie M. Bunck. Professor of Political Science at the University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.

Dr Manoela Carpenedo. Assistant Professor in the Faculty of Theology and Religious Studies at the University of Groningen, Netherlands.

Dr Henderson Carter. Head of the Department of History and Philosophy in the Faculty of Humanities and Education at the University of the West Indies, Cave Hill, Barbados.

Dr Philip J. Castillo. Assistant Professor in the Faculty of Management and Social Sciences, University of Belize, Belmopan, Belize.

Dr Christine Clarke. Deputy Dean and Senior Lecturer in the Department of Economics, University of the West Indies at Mona, Jamaica.

Prof. Peter Clegg. Professor in Politics and International Relations and Head of the School of Social Sciences at the University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom.

Dr Dianna DaSilva-Glasgow. Senior Lecturer and Dean in the Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Guyana, Georgetown, Guyana.

Dr David Díaz Arias. Full Professor in the School of History at the University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica.

Dyon Elliott. Writer and researcher specializing in Belizean affairs.

Dr Matthias Erlandsen. Independent researcher in Latin American affairs.

Prof. Jorge Luis Fabra-Zamora. Associate Professor at the University at Buffalo School of Law, New York, USA.

Prof. Lisa M. Glidden. Professor of Politics and Director of Global and International Studies at the Great Lakes Institute, State University of New York (SUNY), Oswego, New York, USA.

Dr Anthony Goebel McDermott. Full Professor in the School of History at the University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica.

Prof. Francisco E. González. Senior Associate Professor in International Political Economy and Latin American Politics at Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies, Washington, DC, USA.

Dr Hilary Goodfriend. Postdoctoral Researcher in the Institute of Geography at the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico, member of the North American Congress on Latin America (NACLA) editorial collective and editor for the Latin American Perspectives journal.

Prof. Dr Susanne Gratius. Professor of International Law at the Autonomous University of Madrid, Spain.

Prof. Wil Hout. Professor of Governance and International Political Economy in the International Institute of Social Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Netherlands.

Prof. Peter Lambert. Head of the Department of Politics, Languages and International Studies (PoLIS) at the University of Bath, United Kingdom.

David Lea. Writer and analyst on Europe and the Spanish-speaking world.

Dr Andrés León Araya. Assistant Professor in the Department of International Studies at Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA.

Prof. Robert E. Looney. Late Distinguished Emeritus Professor, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, USA.

Dr Ivan Luzardo-Luna. Senior Fellow in the Department of Economics at the University of Pennsylvania, PA, USA.

Dr Radica Mahase. Senior Lecturer in History at the College of Science, Technology and Applied Arts of Trinidad and Tobago, Chaguanas, Trinidad and Tobago.

Fabiola Martínez Cabrera. Research Assistant in the Center for Latin American Studies at Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.

Dr Angus McNelly. Lecturer in International Development (Politics) at King’s College London, United Kingdom.

Dr Andrés Molina-Ochoa. Assistant Professor of Philosophy at South Texas College, TX, USA, and member of the Research Group in Theory of Law and Legal Education.

Dr Emily Morris. Honorary Senior Research Associate in the Economic Development of Latin America and the Caribbean at University College London’s Institute of the Americas, United Kingdom.

Dr Nathalie Mrgudovic. Political Scientist specializing in the French Overseas Territories.

Dr Carol Nelson. Lecturer in the Department of Government, University of the West Indies at Mona, Jamaica.

Dr Esteban Nicholls. Associate Professor in Social and Global Studies at the Universidad Andina Simón Bolívar, Quito, Ecuador.

Prof. Francisco Panizza. Professor of Latin American and Comparative Politics at the London School of Economics and Political Science, United Kingdom.

Prof. Emilio Pantojas García. Senior Researcher and Professor of Sociology at the Institute of Caribbean Studies, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras, Puerto Rico.

Dr Lucas Perelló. Assistant Professor of Political Science at Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA.

Carl-Henri Prophète. Former Deputy Director of the Economic Analysis Department at the Central Bank of Haiti; Economic Consultant; Lecturer in Economic Policy at Quisqueya University, Port-au-Prince, Haiti.

Dr Miguel A. Rivera-Quiñones. Project Lead, EU-AU Climate Deal Negotiations Research in the Department of Economics and Business Economics at Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands.

Prof. Mauro Rodrigues. Professor in the Department of Economics, University of São Paulo, Brazil.

Prof. Olivia Saunders. Professor of Banking, Finance and Economics in the Faculty of Business Studies at the University of The Bahamas.

Dr Thomas B. Singh. Director of the GREEN Institute and Senior Lecturer in the Department of Economics at the University of Guyana, Georgetown, Guyana.

Dr Ronald Bruce St John. Independent scholar specializing in the political economy of developing states.

Prof. Anne Ulentin. Lecturer in the Department of English Studies, Faculty of Languages, Cultures and Communication at the Université Clermont-Auvergne, France.

Dr Stephen Wilkinson. Senior Lecturer in Politics and International Relations at the University of Buckingham, United Kingdom.

Mark Wilson. Writer and researcher specializing in Caribbean affairs.

DeLisle Worrell. International economic consultant, member of the Bretton Woods Committee, Washington, DC, and of the Bermuda Financial Policy Council, and former Governor of the Central Bank of Barbados.

Dr Christopher Wylde. Senior Lecturer in Politics and International Relations in the Department of Business, Law and Society at St Mary’s University, Twickenham,

United Kingdom.

Dr Harold A. Young. Lecturer in Political Science at the University of Belize, Belmopan, Belize.