1st Edition
Statistical Methods in Psychiatry Research and SPSS
Preface
Psychiatry Research
Research Questions in Psychiatry
Research Approaches
Protocol Writing for Quantitative Studies
Variables in Psychiatry
Statistical Methods in Psychiatry Research
Observational Studies
Case-Series Analysis
Cross-Sectional Studies
Longitudinal Studies
Experimental Studies
Basic Elements of Experiments
Parallel Control Clinical Trials
Further Control Clinical Trials
Informal Designs of Experiments
Formal Designs of Experiments
One-Variable Descriptive Statistics
Classification and Tabulation of Data
Graphical Representation of Classified Data
Summarizing Data: Averages
Summarizing Data: Dispersion
Summarizing Data: Skewness and Kurtosis
Descriptive Statistics for Spatial Data
Descriptive Statistics for Time-Related Data
Mental Health Statistics
Demographic Indicators
Demographic Indicators of India
Measures of Mental Morbidity
Mental Morbidity in India
Mental Health Delivery Systems in India
Mental Health Service Indicators
Service Indicators of Government Mental Hospitals
Service Indicators of General Hospital Psychiatry Units
Probability and Probability Distributions
Probability Scale
Probability Distributions
Sampling Theory and Methods
Theory of Sampling
Random Sampling Methods
Random Sampling Methods in Mental Morbidity Surveys
Basic Elements of Statistical Inference
Basic Elements of Estimation of Parameters
Basic Elements of Tests of Significance
Parametric Tests of Significance
One-Sample Parametric Tests
Two-Independent Sample Parametric Tests
Two-Related Sample Parametric Tests
Experimental Data Analysis: ANOVA
One-Way ANOVA
Post-Hoc Multiple Comparison Tests: Scheffe Method
Two-Way ANOVA
22-Factorial ANOVA
Repeated Measures ANOVA
Non-Parametric Tests of Significance
One-Sample Non-Parametric Tests
Two-Independent Sample Non-Parametric Tests
Two-Related Sample Non-Parametric Tests
K-Independent Sample Non-Parametric Tests
K-Related Sample Non-Parametric Tests
Correlation Analysis and Regression Analysis
Two-Quantitative Variables Correlation Coefficients
Rank Correlation Coefficients
Two-Qualitative Variables Correlation Coefficients
Measures of Relative Risk
Regression Analysis
Reliability Analysis and Validity Analysis
Scaling Techniques
Reliability Analysis
Validity Analysis
Survival Analysis and Time Series Analysis
Survival Analysis
Time-Series Analysis
Multivariate Statistical Methods
Profile Techniques
Multivariate Correlation Coefficients
Multiple Regression Analysis
Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA)
Analysis of Multi-Dimensional Contingency Tables
Cluster Analysis
Functions of Cluster Analysis
Hierarchical Cluster Analysis
Measures of Similarity and Dissimilarity Between Persons
Hierarchical Agglomerative Clustering Methods
Determination of Number of Clusters
Partitioning Cluster Analysis
Validation of Resultant Clusters Numerical Demonstration
Discriminant Analysis
Two-Groups Discriminant Analysis
K-Groups Discriminant Analysis Numerical Demonstration
Factor Analysis
Basic Elements of Factor Analysis
Principal Components Analysis Numerical Demonstration
Meta-Analysis
Location and Selection of Studies for Meta-Analysis
End-Points of Primary Studies
Quality Assessment of Selected Studies
Meta-Analysis Master Sheet
Meta-Analysis Plots
Methods for Pooling End-Points: Fixed Effects Model
Methods for Pooling End-Points: Random Effects Model
Additional Meta-Analysis Techniques
Implications of The Results of Meta-Analysis Numerical Demonstration
Reporting The Results
Evaluation of The Study
Interpreting The Results
Writing The Report
Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS)
SPSS Data Editor
Procedures for Entering Data in SPSS
Procedures To Run Data Analysis Using SPSS
Data Handling Using Data Menu
Data Handling Using Transform Menu
Running Data Analysis Using SPSS
Running ‘Parametric Tests of Significance’
Running ‘ANOVA Tests of Significance’
Running ‘Non-Parametric Tests of Significance’
Running ‘Correlation Analysis and Regression Analysis’
Running ‘Reliability Analysis and Validity Analysis’
Running ‘Survival Analysis and Time Series Analysis’
Running ‘Multivariate Statistical Methods’
Running ‘Cluster Analysis and Discriminant Analysis’
Running ‘Factor Analysis’
Appendix 1: Basic Data of 40 Registered Patients at Nimhans
Appendix 2: A Classification of Statistical Methods
Appendix 3: Probability Distribution Tables
Index
Biography
M. Venkataswamy Reddy is a permanent faculty member at National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India, and has over 30 years of teaching experience. He has published more than 20 scientific papers. His popular textbook, titled Statistics for Mental Health Care Research, is widely referred to by students and academicians alike. His main contributions include the development of suitable models for mental health delivery systems in India, meta-analysis for psychiatry research and STATA, and cluster analysis for psychiatry research and SPSS. He received an MSc in statistics from the Department of Statistics at Bangalore University; a DBS (PG diploma in biostatistics) from ICMR’s Institute for Research in Medical Statistics, New Delhi; and a PhD in biostatistics (topic: cluster formation in psychiatry with special reference to child psychiatry) from Bangalore University.
"Practicing physicians and psychiatrists, even those with academic pretensions, are often overwhelmed by study designs and statistical analysis. . . . The author [of this book] has recognized statistical needs of physicians and has attempted to present a simplified approach to statistics. The book provides an overview of psychiatric research, classifies statistical methods, describes types of data and variables, introduces quantitative and qualitative variables, elaborates study designs, discusses descriptive statistics, illuminates the basis of statistical inference, explains statistical tests of significance, and introduces correlational, multivariate, and meta-analysis. Each chapter focuses on a single aspect, introduces the issues, describes statistical theory, and provides examples. It also provides details of how to use the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (IBM SPSS Statistics) computer program for such analysis. The book is an attempt to fill the long felt need for a simple statistical text, useful for physicians and psychiatrists. . . . It will certainly help those who have a basic familiarity with statistical methods and analysis . . . . The book steps in the right direction for those who want to independently analyze and interpret data."
—Indian Journal of Psychiatry, by K. S. Jacob, Department of Psychiatry, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
