Introduction to Surfaces Chemistry Essentials
What Is Surface Chemistry?
Essential Surface Chemistry Concepts
Capillarity and Surface Forces in Liquids (Curved Surfaces)
Introduction
Origin of Surface Forces in Liquids
Capillary Forces: Laplace Equation, and Liquid Curvature and Pressure (Mechanical Definition)
Capillary Rise or Fall of Liquids (Capillary Forces)
Soap Bubbles: Formation and Stability
Measurement of Surface Tension of Liquids
Typical Surface Tension Data of Liquids
Appendix 2A: Effect of Temperature and Pressure on Surface Tension of Liquids (Corresponding States Theory of Liquids)
Surfactant (Soaps and Detergents) Solutions: Essential Surface Properties
Introduction
Surface Tension Properties of Aqueous Solutions
Gibbs Adsorption Equation in Solutions
Applications of Surface Active Agents
Appendix 3B: Solubility of Organic Molecules in Water (A Surface Tension–Cavity Model Theory)
Monomolecular Lipid Films on Liquid Surfaces and Langmuir-Blodgett Films
Introduction.
Other Changes at Water Surfaces Due to Lipid Monolayers
Effect of Lipid Monolayers on Evaporation Rates of Liquids
Monolayers of Macromolecules at the Water Surface
Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) Films (Transfer of Lipid Monolayers on Solids)
Bilayer Lipid Membranes (BLMs)
Diverse Applications
Solid Surfaces: Adsorption and Desorption of Different Substances
Introduction
Solid Surface Tension: Wetting Properties of Solid Surfaces.
Contact Angle of Liquids on Solid Surfaces
Measurements of Contact Angles at Liquid–Solid Interfaces
Adsorption of Gases on Solid Surfaces
Adsorption of Substances from Solution on Solid Surfaces
Solid Surface Roughness (Degree of Roughness)
Surface Tension of Solid Polymers
Diverse Applications
Appendix 5C: Gas Adsorption on Solid Surface—Essential Principle Theory
Wetting, Adsorption, and Cleaning Processes
Introduction
Oil Recovery Technology and Surface Forces
Applications in Cleaning Processes
Evaporation Rates of Liquid Drops
Adhesion between Two Solid Surfaces (Glues)
Colloidal Dispersion Systems: Physicochemical Essential Properties
Introduction
Colloids Stability (DLVO Theory)
Kinetics of Coagulation of Colloids
Dispersions of Solid Particles in Fluids
Applications of Colloid Systems
Gas Bubbles: Thin Liquid Films and Foams
Introduction
Soap Bubbles and Foams
Applications of Foams and Bubbles
Emulsions, Microemulsions, and Lyotropic Liquid Crystals
Introduction
Formation of Emulsions (Oil and Water)
Microemulsions
Lyotropic Liquid Crystals
Applications of Emulsions
Emulsion Stability and Structure
Essential Surface and Colloid Chemistry in Science and Industry
Introduction
Food Emulsions (Milk Industry)
Applications of Scanning Probe Microscopes to Surface and Colloid Chemistry
Drug Delivery Design
Building and Cement Industry
Fracking Industry: Gas and Oil Recovery from Shale Deposits
Other Industrial Applications
References
Appendix: Common Fundamental Constants
Biography
Professor Birdi has worked at Standard Oil of California; Lever Bros. in Copenhagen, Denmark; and the Danish Technical University, Lyngby, Denmark. Dr. Birdi was appointed research professor in 1985, and in 1990 (through 1999) he was appointed as a professor at the School of Pharmacy in Copenhagen, Denmark. Professor Birdi has been a consultant to various national and international industries. He has been a member of various chemical societies and organizing committees of national and international meetings related to surface science (advisory member, 1985-1987, of the ACS journal Langmuir) . Professor Birdi is the author of some 100 papers and articles and has published diverse books, most recently Surface & Colloid Chemistry , CRC Press, 2010; and Introduction to Electrical Interfacial Phenomena , K.S. Birdi (Editor), 2010, CRC Press.
