1st Edition
The Handbook of Impression Formation A Social Psychological Approach
Presenting diverse perspectives from eminent scholars and contemporary researchers, The Handbook of Impression Formation contextualizes current and future areas of research in the social psychology of impression formation within a rich historic framework.
Affirming that impression formation is at the core of human experience, chapters explore how and why people form snap judgments about others and when those impressions update. They examine the processes through which people infer the reasons for the events they encounter, allowing people to plan for appropriate behavioral responses to social contexts. The research reviewed is informed by the foundational theory of unconscious automatic processes involved in making judgements of other people, pioneered by Professor Jim Uleman who contributes a chapter that suggests important new directions, and concludes the volume by reflecting on the state of the field more broadly. The book explores how certain attributes stimulate categorization, examining current issues around implicit bias, stereotypes, and social media. Chapters cover a range of approaches, featuring personal narratives, presentation of new data and discoveries, comprehensive literature reviews, and contemplations on where the field must go and what questions require focus for progress to be made, calling for even the most advanced scholars to contribute more to the collective investigation of impression formation.
This fascinating work provides a solid foundation from which all researchers can build a new and unique program of research, and arms the reader with the intellectual tools they need to chart new theoretical territory and discover aspects of the human experience we have yet to even wonder about. It is essential reading for students and academics in social psychology, and the social sciences more broadly.
Preface
Impression Formation in Social Psychology
Gordon B. Moskowitz and Emily Balcetis
Part 1: Source of Input to Impression Formation: When Features of the External Physical World Meet Internal Mental Representations
1. Social Categorizations as Decisions Made Under Uncertainty
Grace S. R. Gillespie, Jessica L. Shropshire and Kerri L. Johnson
2. From Spontaneous Trait Inferences to Spontaneous Person Impressions
Alexander Todorov
3. Expressed Accuracy: Spontaneous Trait Production and Inference From Voice
Emily Sands and Lasana T. Harris
4. O Brother, O Sister, Who Art Thou?: Inferring the Gender of Others in Ambiguous Situations
Amy Arndt and Marlone Henderson
5. Differences between Spontaneous and Intentional Trait Inferences
James S. Uleman
6. Bridging the Gap between Spontaneous Behavior- and Stereotype-based Impressions
Jacqueline M. Chen, Kimberly A. Quinn and Keith B. Maddox
7. The Secret Life of Spontaneous Trait Inferences: Emergence, Puzzles, and Accomplishments
Leonel Garcia-Marques et al.
8. Predictively Coding Objects and Persons
Ethan Ludwin-Peery and Yaacov Trope
Part 2: Impression Formation Processes: Implicit Effects of Inference and Activation
9. Reflections on a 30-Year Long Program of Research Exploring Perceivers’ Spontaneous Thoughts about Social Targets
John J. Skowronski and Randy J. McCarthy
10. Impression Formation, Right Side Up
David E. Melnikoff and John A. Bargh
11. Unintentional Influences in Intentional Impression Formation
Bertram Gawronski, Skylar M. Brannon and Dillon M. Luke
12. Stereotypes and Trait Inference
Jeffrey W. Sherman
13. Perceiving Group Attributes Spontaneously: Broadening the Domain
David L. Hamilton and Joel A. Thurston
14. Forming and Managing Impressions Across Racial Divides
Cydney H. Dupree
15. Understanding Guilt-by-Association: A Review of the Psychological Literature on Attitude Transfer and Generalization
Kate A. Ratliff
Part 3: The Malleability of First Impressions
16. Origins of Impression Formation in Infancy
Brandon M. Woo and J. Kiley Hamlin
17. Around the World in 80 Milliseconds (or less): Spontaneous Trait Inference Across Cultures
Leonard S. Newman and Arthur Marsden III
18. The Updating of First Impressions
Gordon B. Moskowitz, Irmak Olcaysoy Okten and Erica Schneid
19. Are We Stuck on The Face? New Evidence for When and How People Update Face-Based Implicit Impressions
Xi Shen and Melissa Ferguson
20. Memory Consolidation: The Cornerstone for Gauging Spontaneous Impression Longevity
Jessica R. Bray, Angel D. Armenta and Michael A. Zárate
21. Confronting First Impressions: Motivating Self-Regulation of Stereotypes and Prejudice Through Prejudice Confrontation
Kimberly E. Chaney, Diana T. Sanchez and Jessica D. Remedios
22. Implicit Person Memory: Domain-General and Domain-Specific Processes of Learning and Change
Benedek Kurdi and Mahzarin R. Banaji
Afterward
23. Impressions of Impression Formation
James S. Uleman
Biography
Emily Balcetis, director of the New York University Social Perception Action and Motivation research lab, earned her PhD at Cornell University and leads an international team to uncover strategies that increase, sustain, and direct people's efforts to meet their goals.
Gordon B. Moskowitz, conducts research on social cognition, with a focus on stereotyping, impression formation, minority influence, and the implicit influence of goals on judgment and behavior. His research program more recently has examined interventions to control/reduce implicit bias, with implications for group disparities in health care.
"This state of the art volume on social cognition brilliantly documents the insights, findings and novel methods brought to bear on this indispensable domain of psychological science. I find it a perfect reference book and a highly useful text for courses and seminars on this topic" — Arie W. Kruglanski, Distinguished University Professor, University of Maryland
"A remarkable volume on the past, present, and future of research on impression formation, inspired by one its seminal figures." — Daniel Gilbert, Edgar Pierce Professor of Psychology, Harvard University
"Jim Uleman was ahead of his time, early on recognizing spontaneous trait inferences for their crucial role in impression formation. This array of authors across generations honors his prescience. It’s also a great overview of the current state of the field of impression formation." — Susan T. Fiske, Eugene Higgins Professor, Princeton University
"This Handbook of Impression Formation contains a remarkable collection of papers that manages to capture the breadth and depth of the most significant work on impression formation. It includes a stellar group of authors representing those who played a historical role in the development of the area of impression formation and those currently breaking new ground both theoretically and empirically in this area. It highlights the power and sweep of this central area of social cognition. For those interested in person perception and social psychology more generally, this Handbook is a must read." — E. Tory Higgins, Stanley Schachter Professor of Psychology and Professor of Business, Columbia University. Author of Shared Reality: What Makes Us Strong and Tears Us Apart
