1st Edition
The Marquis de Puységur, Artificial Somnambulism, and the Discovery of the Unconscious Mind Memoirs to Serve the History and Establishment of Animal Magnetism
The Marquis de Puységur, Artificial Somnambulism, and the Discovery of the Unconscious Mind presents the first full English translation of a foundational text in the history of psychodynamic thinking, and provides a contextual explanation of its contemporary significance.
Written by Puységur in 1784, Memoirs to Serve the History and Establishment of Animal Magnetism describes the author’s exploration and discovery of ‘artificial somnambulism’, a state that reveals insights into the subconscious mind. Building on the healing techniques of Franz Anton Mesmer, Puységur kept detailed notes on his practice with patients, including their names, symptoms and follow-up information, providing unique insight into his process. The full text of this original publication is presented here, complemented by a historical introduction and editor’s notes.
The Marquis de Puységur, Artificial Somnambulism, and the Discovery of the Unconscious Mind will be of great interest to academics and scholars of psychoanalysis, psychotherapy, and the history of psychology, hypnosis and mental health. It will also appeal to practicing clinicians.
Preface
Historical Introduction
Notes and References
Memoirs to Serve History and the Establishment of Animal Magnetism
Editor’s Notes: General
Editor’s Notes: Hand-written Notations
References
Biography
Adam Crabtree is a historian of hypnosis, dissociation, and psychodynamic psychotherapy, and has written a number of books in these areas. In conjunction with Sarah Osei-Bonsu, he has also translated from French L’automatisme psychologique by Pierre Janet, published in English by Routledge. He teaches at the Centre for Training in Psychotherapy, Toronto, and has a private psychotherapy practice.
Sarah Osei-Bonsu is a translator with an interest in psychotherapy and the role of the unconscious mind. She most recently collaborated on the translation of Pierre Janet’s L’automatisme psychologique, with Adam Crabtree. As a translator, she is committed to maintaining the integrity of the author’s voice while illuminating the overall meaning in translation.
“The turn of modern psychiatry toward reductive biology, with its emphasis on medical models of mental illness and pharmacological intervention as the treatment method of choice, has itself yielded only modest success so far, and in the process has had the unfortunate side-effect of largely eclipsing the important earlier tradition of dynamic psychiatry so ably reconstructed and championed by Henri Ellenberger in his monumental 1970 work on the discovery of the unconscious. Adam Crabtree has previously reinforced Ellenberger’s efforts in numerous ways, and this new translation by himself and Sarah Osei-Bansu of the Marquis de Puységur’s historically important 1784 memoir on “artificial somnambulism” finally makes available to the wider English-speaking world dramatic early examples of dynamic psychiatry’s theoretically central phenomenon—the existence in ordinary persons of normally hidden but fully conscious secondary personalities exhibiting psychophysical capacities far beyond those of the everyday or primary personality. The preface by Onno Van der Hart and an historical introduction by Adam Crabtree add further value by situating de Puységur’s work in its larger scientific and cultural contexts. Highly recommended!”
Edward F. Kelly, PhD, Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Sciences, University of Virginia School of Medicine, USA
I consider Puységur’s (1784) Memoirs to be the font et origo of hypnosis. This monograph documents Puységur’s ‘discovery’ of the “tranquil crisis” (i.e., artificial somnambulism) which occurred unexpectedly when he magnetized his servant, Victor. Although he was a forceful proponent of Mesmer’s theory of animal magnetism, Puységur’s practice and his understanding of magnetic crises were decisively shaped by Victor’s idiosyncrasies; for example, Victor insisted that the magnetic crisis gave him an ability to diagnose, prescribe, and predict the course of illness for himself and for other patients). Victor’s peculiarities underpin some classic, hypnotic phenomena – the hypnotic state itself, rapport, clairvoyance, spontaneous posthypnotic amnesia, magnetic illnesses, and Janet’s puzzling insistence that successful hypnotic treatment renders a patient insusceptible to hypnosis.
Paul Dell, Ph.D, Churchland Psychological Center
