1st Edition

The Militarization of Turkish Foreign Policy? Revisiting the Contours of Hard Power

Edited By Şaban Kardaş Copyright 2026
180 Pages
by Routledge

180 Pages
by Routledge

This book critically examines Turkey’s shift towards a more coercive and hard power-driven foreign policy over the past decade. It explores how Ankara’s assertive orientation has reshaped its regional policies, with militarized international disputes and the pursuit of strategic autonomy becoming defining features. The contributors delve into the theoretical underpinnings of this transformation... Read more

Introduction: Debating the hard power turn in Turkish foreign policy

Şaban Kardaş

 

1. Scope, drivers and manifestations of the realist turn in Turkish foreign policy: a case of delayed strategic adjustment

Şaban Kardaş, Bayram Sinkaya and Bahadır Pehlivantürk

 

2. Evaluating the advances and challenges in Turkey’s defence industry: a comparative analysis

Başar Baysal

 

3. Turkey’s military cooperation network through bilateral relations: the transition from military support recipient to provider

Haldun Yalçınkaya and Elif Merve Dumankaya

 

4. The nexus between intelligence and foreign policy in the Turkish context: strategic implications of the MIT’s transformation

Merve Seren

 

5. Counter-terrorism in the age of hard power: reassessing Turkey’s policy against the PKK

Cenker Korhan Demir

 

6. From ‘diplomacy’ to hard power? Restructuring, weakening, and sidelining of the Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs (2009–2023)

Nuri Yeşilyurt

 

7. Turkey’s energy diplomacy and instrumentalization of hard power

Pınar İpek

Biography

Şaban Kardaş is a Research Professor and Program Coordinator at the Gulf Studies Center at the College of Arts and Sciences at Qatar University, Qatar.