1st Edition
The Routledge Handbook of Collective Intelligence for Democracy and Governance
The Routledge Handbook of Collective Intelligence for Democracy and Governance explores the concepts, methodologies, and implications of collective intelligence for democratic governance, in the first comprehensive survey of this field.
Illustrated by a collection of inspiring case studies and edited by three pioneers in collective intelligence, this handbook serves as a unique primer on the science of collective intelligence applied to public challenges and will inspire public actors, academics, students, and activists across the world to apply collective intelligence in policymaking and administration to explore its potential, both to foster policy innovations and reinvent democracy.
The Routledge Handbook of Collective Intelligence for Democracy and Governance
is essential reading and an authoritative reference for scholars, students, researchers and practitioners of public policy, public administration, governance, public management, information technology and systems, innovation and democracy as well as more broadly for political science, psychology, management studies, public organizations and individual policy practitioners, public authorities, civil society activists and service providers.
Visit the handbook's dedicated website, Smarter Together, for complementary material.
Part 1: Foundations
1. A brief history of collective intelligence, democracy, and governance
Lex Paulson
2. From the Knowledge Society to the Collective Intelligence Society: Collective Tacit Knowledge and Artificial Intelligence for Policymaking
Carina Antonia Hallin
3. Smarter together? Collective Intelligence and change in government
Stephen Boucher
4. Collective intelligence and governance: Imagining government as a shared brain
Geoff Mulgan
5. Measuring the effect of collective intelligence processes that leverage participation and deliberation
Paolo Spada and Lex Paulson
6. Key defining concepts: Collective intelligence, democracy and governance
Stephen Boucher, Carina Antonia Hallin, David Leal Garcia, Lex Paulson and Nino Javakhishvili-Larsen
Part 2: Reinventing Democracy: New Modes of Representation
Introduction
Lex Paulson
7. Deliberative Policy-making During COVID-19: The case of Taiwan
Helen K. Liu and Lin Tze-Luen
8. Crowdsourcing a Constitution: The world's first crowdsourced constitution rises from the ashes in Iceland
Elisa Lironi
9. Collective creativity and political entrepreneurship: The Alternative in Denmark (or why failure is an option)
Stephen Boucher and Jeff van Luijk, with Uffe Elbaek
10. How to facilitate the convergence of conflicting constellations of interests: Germany's "Agora Energiewende"
Lars Grotewold
11. How Collective Political Intelligence produced better policy: Political Task Committees in Gentofte, Denmark
Eva Sørensen and Jacob Torfing
12. From Shouting Matches to Argument Maps: An Online Deliberation Experiment in Italy
Mark Klein, Paolo Spada and Lex Paulson
13. Achieving Parity with Human Moderators: A Self-Moderating Platform for Online Deliberation
Lodewijk Gelauff, Liubov Nikolenko, Sukolsak Sakshuwong, James Fishkin, Ashish Goel, Kamesh Munagala and Alice Siu
14. Hacking start-up policy reforms: Innovating public policy in Senegal
Jon Stever and Eva Sow Ebion
Part 3: Eliciting Citizen Knowledge for Collective Intelligence as a Public Good
Introduction
Carina Antonia Hallin
15. Reinventing Local Government Through Collective Intelligence and Artificial Intelligence: How a Danish Municipality Harnessed Citizen Insights
Carina Antonia Hallin and Naima Lipka
16. Slowing down to better tackle a region’s challenges: Lessons from Co-Intelligence Wallonia
Pierre Portevin
17. Turning problem makers into creative problem solvers: How New York State creatively shifted the paradigm from managing troubled kids to engaging them
Tim Switalski
18. Tacit knowledge speaks the language of story: Morocco’s Commission spéciale sur le modèle de développement
Lex Paulson and Marwane Fachane
Part 4: Reinventing Public Administration: New Modes of Collaboration
Introduction
Stephen Boucher
19. Challenging received wisdom and spreading innovation: Lessons from the Youth Justice Board
Stephen Boucher and Jonathan Oates
20. Hearing the marginalized: The jan sunwai in India
Stéphanie Tawa Lama
21. Creating collaborative young communities through school participatory budgeting
Ankitha Cheerakathil
22. Dreaming, remembering, scaling and innovating boldly: How a small French town initiated a journey towards "Zero unemployment"
Stephen Boucher
23. Public challenges to kindle innovation: How one telegram forever changed public policy in Australia
Luis Lafosse
24. Creating a ‘voice’ of collective change through simple mobile phones
Aaditeshwar Seth
25. Collective intelligence and digital participatory platforms: Learnings from Barcelona´s DECIDIM
David Leal García, Antonio Calleja-López and Juan Linares-Lanzman
Part 5: Social Innovation and Bottom-up Power
Introduction
Lex Paulson
26. Smarter mediation, better dialogue: Lessons from a Swedish protest for local healthcare
Bernard Le Roux
27. The power of different perspectives for conflict resolution and community change: "An eagle watches over us"
David Baum
28. To transform the community, change the story: The Fab City Global Initiative
Mary-Alice Arthur
29. Scaling personal initiatives into collective action: The citizen powerhouse of Sager der Samler in Aarhus, Denmark
Paul Natorp
30. Pioneering Asia Pacific’s first community-driven investment process through blockchain: Impact Collective
Charlotte Arribe, Stephanie Arrowsmith, Songyi Lee and Eunielle Yi
Part 6: Reimagining International Governance
Introduction
Stephen Boucher
31. Unlocking the collaborative potential of national parliaments: The Open European Dialogue
Verena Ringler and Chiara Rosselli
32. Crowd forecasting infectious disease outbreaks
Emile Servan-Schreiber and Camille Larmanou
33. Mobilizing collective intelligence and diversity towards Sustainable Development Goals: From global innovation labs to collective intelligence assemblies for sustainable development
Catherine Jacquet and Mamello Thinyane
34. Bridging science and diplomacy to build a universal agreement on the science of climate change: The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
Kari De Pryck
35. Nurturing the right context for fruitful dialogue: The case of Helmut Kohl's "gastrosophy"
Knut Bergmann
36. Thinking ahead collectively: The case of African Digital Futures
Passy Amayo Ogolla and Julie Anne Jenson
Part 7: Collective Intelligence, Technology and Collective Consciousness
Introduction
Carina Antonia Hallin
37. Smarter Crowdsourcing to tackle Covid-19: Beyond the Open Call
Anirudh Dinesh
38. Mobilizing collective intelligence for adapting to climate change in the Arctic: The case of monitoring Svalbard’s and Greenland’s environment by expedition cruises
Gitte Kragh, Michael K. Poulsen, Lisbeth Iversen, Ted Cheeseman and Finn Danielsen
39. Using Collective Intelligence to Assess the Future with the Pandemic Supermind
Annalyn Bachmann, Adriana König, Robert Laubacher and David Kong
40. Using political bots and artificial intelligence to facilitate the interaction between citizens and lawmakers
Cristiano Ferri Soares de Faria
41. Turning organizations into innovation ecosystems: The Hexagon of Public Innovation (HIP) model
Raúl Oliván and Pilar Balet
42. Co-initiating, sensing, presencing, creating and shaping: How the Scottish government applied Theory U for collective leadership against Covid-19
Keira Oliver and Karen Lawson
Closing Thoughts
Concluding dialogue: Collective intelligence and democracy, today and tomorrow
Lex Paulson with Oumar Ba, Helen Liu, Cristiano Ferri Faria and Ksana Nechyporenko
Biography
Stephen Boucher is the founder and CEO of Dreamocracy and teaches at the Free University of Brussels (ULB), Sciences Po-Paris, and the Centre International de Formation Européenne (CIFE).
Carina Antonia Hallin is the Founder and Research Coordinator of the Collective Intelligence Research Group at the IT University of Copenhagen (ITU), Denmark, and Co-Founder of the Academy of Management's Community on Knowledge Integration, Synthesis and Engineering, and Co-Founder of the CI company Mindpool and Global Mindpool in collaboration with the UNDP.
Lex Paulson is the Executive Director of the UM6P School of Collective Intelligence, Morocco, and lectures in advocacy at Sciences Po-Paris, France.
"Democracy is in crisis because today’s governments largely fail to capitalize on their greatest untapped resource : the collective intelligence of their citizens. The cases in this book show the way to the smarter, more open democracy that humanity deserves."
Prof. Helene Landemore, Yale University, author of Democratic Reason (2013) and Open Democracy (2020)
"None of this century’s hardest problems will be solved by a single stroke of genius -- rather, we can only make progress by inventing new and better forms of collaboration. This book gives an essential guide to our emerging field."
Prof. Thomas Malone, Founder, MIT Center for Collective Intelligence"Addressing the crises of the new world requires new tools based on the transformative participation of connected local communities on a South/South and not just North/South basis. This book feeds into such governance perspectives that can be one of the remedies to the most serious crisis: the crisis of trust in institutions."
Isabelle Durant, Former Deputy Prime Minister of Belgium, Vice-President of the European Parliament and Deputy Secretary General of UNCTAD."The Routledge Handbook fills a gap in an emerging literature on collective intelligence and public innovation as a process of finding new way to provide people with public goods. This long-awaited book with a comprehensive view of the most sophisticated analyses, concepts and methodologies in the field."
Florent Parmentier, Sciences Po, France"The extent of the movement toward deliberative democracy has been poorly understood until now. The Routledge Handbook of Collective Intelligence for Democracy and Governance enhances our understanding of the breadth of activity across geographies and social institutions, while providing a valuable resource for insights from a host of experiments in collective intelligence."
Dawn Nakagawa, Executive Vice President of the Berggruen Institute, USA"A key challenge presented in The Routledge Handbook of Collective Intelligence for Democracy & Governance, that of moving from the individual knowledge society to one that elicits the collective intelligence of all citizens, might be the greatest area of potential impact for democracy and governance today."
Andy E. Williams, Founder, Executive Director, Nobeah Technologies Foundation, Nairobi, Kenya
