The Routledge Handbook of Language and the Global South/s

• Preface- Lynn Mario T. Menezes de Souza
• Introduction- Sinfree Makoni, Anna Kaiper-Marquez, Lorato Mokwena
• Theme #1: History, Politics, and Social Engagement in the Global South

• Hope: The Transgressive Temporality of Marielle Franco in Brazil by Samiha Khalil, Daniel Silva, Jerry Won Lee

• Epistemology of Knowledge in Medieval Islamic Scientific Discourse: Biruni’s Treatment of Subjectivity, Relativity, and Uncertainty by Esmat Babaii

• Provincializing language by Cecile Canut

• Civic Participation as a Travelling Ideoscape: Which Direction? By Giovanni Allegretti, Marco Meloni, Begona Dorronsoro

• Interlude #1: Conversation with Jean Comaroff and Jane Gordon
• Theme #2: Indigenous Languages

• Co-Conspiring with Land:　What Decolonizing with Indigenous Land and Language Have to Teach Us by Mary Hermes, Mel Engman, Anna Schick

• "We Tell the River, ‘Give Me Back My Piece of Soul and I Give You Back Your Pebble’": The Onto-epistemology and Language of the Ayuk Ethnic Group in Oaxaca, Mexico by Mario E. López-Gopar, William M. Sughrua, Cosme Gregorio Cirilo & Lorena Córdova Hernández

• Discourses of Endangerment and Appropriations of the "Indigenous":　　What Indigeneity Means in Non-Indigenous Spaces by Quentin Boitel

• Theme #3: South-South Dialogue

• ‘The language I speak is the language I speak’: Re-centering multilingual language practices in situations of risk through a sociolinguistics of the South by Necia Stanford-Billinghurst

• English and the Dissemination of Local Knowledges: A problematic for South-South Dialogue by Hamza R'boul

• Rethinking Multilingualism – A Gaze from the Ryukyus by Madoka Hammine

• Tensions within development ontologies in Botswana: A case of the San by Keneilwe Molosi-France

• Interlude #2: Conversation with Diana Jeater
• Theme #4: Race and Language: Critical Race Theories and Southern Theories.

• Slave Trade Ads in the 19^th Century: Textual Trajectory, Entextualization and Indexical Orders Mobilized on Contemporary Ads in a Brazilian Context by Glenda Cristina Valim de Melo

• Language Practices in Afro-Brazilian Religions: On Legitrinmacy, Oral Tradition, and Racial Issues by Cristine G. Severo, Ana Cláudia F. Eltermann, and Sinfree Makoni

• For a Critical Applied Linguistics Articulated to the Praxiology of Hope by Kleber Aparecido da Silva, Helenice　Joviano Roque-Faria, Rosana Helena Nunes, Lauro Sérgio Machado Pereira, Renata Mourão Guimarães, and Dllubia　Santclair

• Theme #5: Language, Gender, Sex and Sexuality

• Affective practice in language and sexuality research methodologies at North/South intersections: Narrative, dissonance and reflexivity by Benedict J.L. Rowlett

• Perfect Muslim bhadramahila/ Lady: Decolonisation of Gender Performativity in Bangladesh by Shaila Sultana

• Bodies, Languages, and Material Conditions Governing the Interaction by Joana Plaza Pinto

• Colonial intertexts and black femininities: Locating black African women in a racialized iconography of knowledge by Busi Makoni

• Interlude #3: Conversation with Busi Makoni
• Theme #6: Language, the Global South, and the "Family"

• Southern Approaches to Family Multilingualism by Rafael Lomeu Gomes & Elizabeth Lanza

• Language Maintenance and the Transmission of Ideologies among Chinese-Malaysian Families by Teresa Ong and Selim Ben Said

• Expanding "good" mother discourse: Examining motherhood within the context of Opioid Use Disorder by Tabitha Stickel, Brandn Green, Kristal Jones

• Theme #7: Language in the Classroom Context

• Defying the abyssal line: Towards el Buenvivir in English language teaching in Colombia by Yecid Ortega

• Representation of Afro-descendants in a Primary School Lesson Plan in Buenos Aires by Antonela Soledad Vaccaro

• Southern Visions of Language policy: Re-visioning Mother Tongue based Bilingual Ed in Ghana by Mama Adobea Adjetey-Nii Owoo

• Interlude #4: Conversation with Ophelia Garcia
• Theme #8: Towards Multiple Language Ontologies and Southern Multilingualisms

• Philosophical/theoretical developments:

• On Naming Traditions: Losing sight of communicative and democratic agendas when language is loose inside and outside institutional-scapes by Sangeeta Bagga Gupta

• Palimpset of Tangled Dramas: Language and Education Beyond Institutional Formations by Desmond Ikenna Odugu

• Anangu literacy practices unsettle northern models of literacy by Janet Armitage

• Land and Nature

• Beyond the ‘linguistic’ and ‘signboard’ – Expanding the repertoire of linguistic landscape signage to include sparsely populated areas in South Africa by Lorato Mokwena

• Critical Thinking, Language and Vegetable Gardens: Improving the Cacaio garden of education by Atila Calvente

• Technology

• Southern Multingualisms in Computer-Mediated Communication: Connectivity, Sociality and Access to Higher Education by Sibusiso Cliff Ndlangamandla

• Migration and Power

• Dismantling power relations in refugee service: Funds of knowledge as resistive power by Cassie Leymarie, Mary Bohn

• Afterword- Ana Deumert

 

• Index

Lynn Mario T.M. de Souza is full professor of English at the University of São Paulo. Recent publications of his include Glocal Languages and Critical Intercultural Awareness (2019, co-edited with M. Guilherme), ‘Decolonial Pedagogies’ (2019 Multilingual Margins), ‘De-universalizing the Decolonial’ (2021 with A. Duboc, Gragoatá).

He is member of the editorial committees of Diaspora, Indigenous and Minority Education and Visual Communication and of the Scientific Advisory Board of Centre of Multilingualism, Oslo University.

Samiha　Khalil　is a PhD student in the Culture & Theory Program at the University of California, Irvine. Her research examines Palestinian subject-formation and its convergences with constructions of race. Her forthcoming publication "Philistine Imaginings and the Naissance of World Other" deploys theoretical resources from continental philosophy, religious　studies　and psychoanalysis to excavate and analyze the figure of the philistine in the psychic life of a critical humanism.　　

Daniel N. Silva　teaches applied linguistics and pragmatics at the Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil. He studies language, violence, and hope in the favelas of Rio de Janeiro and　other peripheries of Brazil. His work problematizes the mediatization of violence in Brazil, especially　under Bolsonaro’s far-right populism, by looking at alternative communicable models in empirical loci of resistance. With Jerry Lee, he is writing a book manuscript on the Sociolinguistics of Hope.　

Jerry Won Lee　is an Associate Professor of English at the University of California, Irvine, where he also serves as an affiliate faculty in Anthropology and Comparative Literature. His latest books are　The Sociolinguistics of Global　Asias　(forthcoming with Routledge) and　Locating　Translingualism　(forthcoming with Cambridge University Press).　

Esmat　Babaii　is Professor of Applied Linguistics at　Kharazmi　University,　Iran,where　she teaches research methods, language assessment and discourse analysis to graduate students. She has published articles and book chapters dealing with issues in Languages assessment, Systemic Functional Linguistics, test-taking processes, and critical approaches to the study of culture and language.　　

Cécile Canut　is a full professor　at the University of Paris.　She led the large ANR project MIPRIMO　and　recently　published　Provincialiser　la langue,　langage　et　colonialisme, Amsterdam, 2021.　Advocating a political anthropo-linguistics, she defends a committed vision of research　and　she published in the journal　Signs and Society.　　

Giovanni　Allegretti　is an architect with　PhD in Urban, Territorial and Environmental Planning,　and　a senior researcher at the Centre for Social Studies of Coimbra University, Portugal.　Qualified　as a full　professor in Italy, he is co-coordinator of the PhD "Democracy in the 21st century".　His main areas of research include citizen participation in the management of budgeting and territorial management, topics on which he has numerous publications in several languages　and has been coordinating　several research projects. For the　mandate　2014-2019, he has been co-president of the Independent Authority for the Guarantee and the Promotion of Participation in the Tuscany Region (Italy).　

Marco　Meloni　is a Ph.D. student of Democracy in the XXI Century and junior researcher at Centre for Social Studies of Coimbra, Portugal. His research interest focuses on public participation, democratic　innovations　and Intra-Party democracy. His most recent publication is García　Lupato, F.,　Meloni, M. (2021). Digital Intra-Party Democracy: An Exploratory Analysis of Podemos and the Labour Party,　Parliamentary Affairs.　

Begoña　Dorronsoro　(she/her/hers) is a Ph.D. student of Post-Colonialisms and Global Citizenship and junior researcher at Centre for Social Studies of Coimbra, Portugal. Her research interests are on　processes of autonomy and self-determination, de(s)colonial feminisms, legal　pluralisms　and decolonization. Her more recent publication is　Dorronsoro,　Begoña　(2019), Cap.15.　Existindo,　resistindo　e　reexistindo:　Mulheres　indígenas　perante　os　seus　direitos, in Santos,　Boaventura　de Sousa; Martins, Bruno　Sena　(org.),　O　Pluriverso　dos　Direitos　Humanos: A　diversidade　das　lutas　pela　dignidade. Coimbra:　Edições　70, 407-432.　

Jean Comaroff is the Alfred North Whitehead Professor of African and African American Studies and Anthropology at Harvard University, and Honorary Professor at the University of Cape Town. Her publications include Body of Power, Spirit of Resistance and, with John L. Comaroff, Law and Disorder in the Postcolony and Theory from the South.

Jane Anna Gordon is professor of political science at the University of Connecticut and author of Statelessness and Contemporary Enslavement (Routledge, 2020) and Creolizing Political Theory: Reading Rousseau through Fanon (Fordham University Press, 2014). Former president of the Caribbean Philosophical Association (2014-2016), she now directs its summer school and co-edits its book series Creolizing the Canon and Global Critical Caribbean Thought. With Lewis R. Gordon, she is executive editor of the new, open access journal, Philosophy and Global Affairs.  　

Mel M. Engman (Queen’s University Belfast), is a white settler language researcher from the United States who works as a Lecturer in Northern Ireland. Her research addresses questions of power, identity, and learning in multilingual educational contexts, and has been published in journals such as Classroom Discourse, the Modern Language Journal, and Linguistics and Education.

Mary Rose Hermes, (University of Minnesota Twin Cities), is a Professor of Curriculum and Instruction at the University of Minnesota Twin Cities and Director of a non-profit organization, Grassroots Indigenous Multimedia (GIM). GIM has created and published over 25 children's books in Ojibwe, 100’s of hours of archived documentation of Ojibwe conversation and a learning software, Ojibwe 7000.

Anna Schick, (University of Minnesota Twin Cities), is a doctoral candidate in Literacy, Language, and Culture. Her research explores critical writing pedagogy as relational experiences with human and non-human subjects. She has co-edited a book titled (Re)Narrating Teacher Identity and published chapters in book volumes on participatory literacies and critical whiteness in English Language Arts.

Mario López-Gopar　(PhD, OISE/University of Toronto)　is professor　in the Faculty of Languages of　Universidad　Autónoma　Benito Juárez de Oaxaca　(UABJO), Mexico. Mario’s main research interest is intercultural and multilingual education of Indigenous peoples in Mexico. His latest book　is　International Perspectives on Critical Pedagogies in ELT　(Palgrave MacMillan, 2019).　　

William M.　Sughrua　(PhD, Canterbury Christ Church University at the University of Kent)　is professor in the Faculty of Languages of Universidad　Autónoma　Benito Juárez de Oaxaca　(UABJO), Mexico. His research　involves　epistemology and autoethnography. His　latest book is　Heightened Performative Autoethnography: Resisting Oppressive Spaces within Paradigms (Peter Lang, 2016).　　

Cosme　Gregorio Cirilo　(MA, Critical Language Education) is an　Ayuk　language teacher at the Faculty of Languages of Universidad　Autónoma　Benito Juárez de Oaxaca (UABJO)　and　a　doctoral candidate in　the　Critical Language Studies　Doctoral Program　at UABJO.　He　is interested in　Ayuk　ontology, epistemology,　language pedagogy and curriculum development.　　

Lorena Córdova-Hernández　(PhD,　Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Superiores en Antropología Social) is professor in the Faculty of Fine Arts of　Universidad Autónoma Benito Juárez de Oaxaca　(UABJO), Mexico. Her research interest is language　policies and　revitalization.　Her latest book is　Metáforas ecológicas, políticas e ideologías en la revitalización de lenguas indígenas　(UABJO, 2019).　

Quentin　Boitel　is　Doctor　in　Sociolinguistics　from　Université de Paris and　currently　Lecturer　at Université Sorbonne Nouvelle (Paris, France). He　conducted　an　ethnographic　fieldwork　on　Náhuat　language　revitalization　in El Salvador　between　2014 and 2019.　His　research　interests　include　the　discourses　on "endangered　languages'',　subjectivity　and subjectivation, and　language　policies.　

Necia Stanford　Billinghurst　is a sociolinguist and international development professional with over　two decades of global experience. Based on her recent PhD research　on southern multilingualisms, she has contributed a chapter to　A Sociolinguistics of the South　(Routledge 2021). Currently she is Team Leader for Australia’s Support to Fiji’s Education Sector.　　

Hamza　R’boul　is a PhD candidate in the Department of Humanities and Education Sciences at the Public University of Navarre. He is also an affiliated researcher with I-COMMUNITAS - Institute for Advanced Social Research.　His works examine　the western hegemony on knowledge production and dissemination　in　intercultural communication　and English language teaching.　

Madoka Hammine works as an associate professor of language education at the Faculty of International Studies at Meio University, in Japan. She defended her PhD thesis which focused on minoritized language education of two contexts, indigenous languages in Finland and in Japan.

Keneilwe　Molosi-France　is a lecturer in the Department of Lifelong Learning and Community Development, University of Botswana. Her research interests are gender and community development, Development for the indigenous minorities and rural development and Local Economic Development.　

Diana　Jeater　is Emeritus Professor of African History at University of the West of England, Bristol and Associate Dean (Education) in the School of Histories, Languages and Cultures at the University of Liverpool, UK. Her monograph　Law, Language & Science:　the invention of the ‘native mind’ in Southern Rhodesia,　1890-1935　(2007) was an early intervention in the movement to decolonise the academy.

Glenda Cristina Valim de Melo is PhD in Applied Linguistics and Language Studies and a professor in the Post-Graduation Programme in Social Memory at the Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro. She has been a FAPERJ Young Scientist researcher since 2019 and a CNPq productivity researcher since 2020.

Cristine Severo is an associate professor at Federal University of Santa Catarina (Brazil).　She is interested in Southern perspectives of language and decolonial approaches. Recent publications include: Language planning and policy: Ideologies, Ethnicities and semiotic spaces of power (Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2020), co-edited with Ashraf Abdelhay and Sinfree Makoni.

Ana Eltermann is a PhD student at the Federal University of Santa Catarina, in Brazil. Her current research focuses on language policy, identity and representation in Afro-Brazilian diaspora, especially in the context of religions and social and cultural movements. In 2019, she was a Visiting Scholar at Penn State University.

Dr. Sinfree Makoni is Professor in Applied Linguistics and African Studies at Pennsylvania State University. He has published extensively in Language Policy and Planning, Health Communication and Decoloniality and Southern Epistemologies. His recent book co-authored with Alistair Pennycook, Innovations and Challenges in Applied Linguistics from the Global South, was shortlisted by the British Association of Applied Linguistics.

Kleber Aparecido da Silva has a PhD in Language Studies from the State University of São Paulo (2010). He is currently working as Associate Professor and Researcher in the Department of Linguistics and Linguistics Program of the Institute of Language Studies at the University of Brasília, Brazil.

Lauro Sérgio Machado Pereira has a Master’s degree in Applied Linguistics from the University of Brasilia (UnB), and nowadays he is a PhD student in Linguistics from the same university. He is also a professor of English at the Northern Minas Gerais Federal Institute - Janaúba Branch Campus, Brazil.

Helenice Joviano Roque de Faria is a Postdoctoral student from University of Brasília – UnB. Nowadays focuses on Teacher Education Policies in Initial and Continuing Portuguese Language, Critical Racial Literature, Racial Studies. She is professor of Portuguese at the SEDUC/MT, Brazil.

Rosana Helena Nunes has a Master's Degree in Applied Linguistics and Language Studies from the PUC/SP. PhD in Portuguese Language - PUC/SP. Post-doctorate in Education at UNICAMP/SP. Postdoctoral student at the University of Brasília (UnB). She is a professor of Portuguese at the College of Technology of the State of São Paulo, Brazil.

Lauro Sérgio Machado Pereira has a Master’s degree in Applied Linguistics from the University of Brasilia (UnB), and nowadays he is a PhD student in Linguistics from the same university. He is also a professor of English at the Northern Minas Gerais Federal Institute - Janaúba Branch Campus, Brazil.

Renata Mourão Guimarães has a Master’s degree in Applied Linguistics from the University of Brasilia (UnB) and nowadays he is a PhD student in Linguistics from the same university. She is a spanish teacher at the Federal Institute of Brasília.

Dllubia Santclair has a Master’s degree in education, language and technology from the State University of Goiás, and nowadays she is a PhD student in Linguistics from the University of Brasília. She is also a professor of English at the Education Department of Goiás State, Brazil.

Benedict J.L. Rowlett is an Assistant Professor in the Department of English Language and Literature at Hong Kong Baptist University. His research interests are in language (education), gender, and sexuality, discourse analysis and narrative analysis.　His recent publications can be found in the Journal of Language and Sexuality,　Multilingua, and Narrative Inquiry.　　

Shaila Sultana, a　Professor　and former Chairperson,　Department of English Language, Institute of Modern Languages, University of Dhaka,　has　published　in prestigious international applied linguistics and sociolinguistics journals.　She is the Chief Editor of　Routledge Handbook of English Language Education in Bangladesh.　She is on the editorial board of　Language in　Society, Journal of English-medium Instruction,　Journal of　AsiaTEFL, Crossing, BELTA, and numerous other local journals.　

Joana Plaza Pinto is Professor of Linguistics at Federal University of Goiás and Researcher at the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development, in Brazil. She is the author of articles and chapters on languages and bodies in the modern-colonial world system, focusing on migrations. She was member of Advisory Board of International Language and Gender Association (2013-2015).

Busi Makoni holds a PhD in Applied Linguistics from the University of Edinburgh in Scotland.　 She currently is an Associate Teaching Professor in the African Studies Program at The Pennsylvania State University. Her research interests are in language and social justice particularly in areas such as language and gender, language and law and language and migration.

Rafael Lomeu Gomes is Postdoctoral Research Fellow at the Center for Multilingualism in Society across the Lifespan (MultiLing). He has conducted research on family multilingualism and his publications have appeared in journals such as Multilingual Margins, Multilingua, and Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development. ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2634-287X

Elizabeth Lanza is Professor of Linguistics and Director of the Center for Multilingualism in Society across the Lifespan (MultiLing), University of Oslo. She has published widely on multilingualism, addressing issues of language socialization, family language policies and practices, migrant narratives, language ideology, language policy, linguistic landscape, and research methodology. ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2095-9687

Teresa Wai See Ong holds a doctorate　in sociolinguistics from Griffith University in Australia. Her research interests include heritage language maintenance, language planning and policy, and linguistic landscape. She recently published　in　Issues in Language Studies　on the role of ethnic Chinese single mothers in heritage language maintenance　in Malaysia.　　

Selim Ben Said is Assistant Professor at the National Sun　Yat-Sen University of Kaohsiung, Taiwan. His research interests include sociolinguistics, linguistic landscape, narratives, language and identity, and the sociology of language and religion. His most recent projects explore creativity on business signs as well as how cyberspace can be subsumed under linguistic landscape research, specifically as part of the virtual linguistic landscape (VLL).

Tabitha　Stickel　is a fellow at Georgia State University’s Adult Literacy Research Center. Her Ph.D. is in adult education from Pennsylvania State University, with a particular focus on Native American student experiences and the sociocultural elements of adult education classrooms. Her recent publications examine a family literacy program in a state　correctional facility.　

Dr. Brandn Green is the co-owner of JG Research and Evaluation, a research consulting firm based in Bozeman, MT. He has published widely in the fields of sociology and behavioral health. He co-owns JG with his wife and professional collaborator Dr. Kristal Jones. Drs. Green and Jones have two children,　Sylvia　and Marian. 　

Dr. Kristal Jones is the co-owner of JG Research and Evaluation, a research consulting firm based in Bozeman, MT. She has published widely in the fields of international agriculture, sociology　and data management. She co-owns JG with her husband and professional collaborator Dr.　Brandn　Green.

Dr. Yecid Ortega finished his doctoral program in Language and Literacies Education (LLE) with a collaborative specialization in Comparative,　International, and Development Education (CIDE) at　the　University of Toronto. His general research interests are within decolonial　frameworks to explore　how globalization, capitalism and neoliberalism influence language policy　and classroom practice.　

Antonela Soledad Vaccaro is a postgraduate student from Argentina. She is finishing her Master’s degree in Language Management in Universidad Nacional de Tres de Febrero. She is currently investigating the changes in language policies of South African universities after student protests and she participates in investigations related to Afro-descendants in South America.

Mama　Adobea　Adjetey-Nii　Owoo　is　a　Ph.D. Candidate　at OISE,　University of Toronto. Her dissertation research, awarded TIRF’s 2020 Russell N. Campbell prize, uses Southern Theory to investigate　Ghana’s interpretation of medium of instruction policies. She leads the ‘Afroliteracies　Foundation’, a Ghana based think-tank and accelerator for languages in education.　

Ofelia García is Professor Emerita in the Ph.D. programs in Urban Education and Latin American, Iberian and Latino Cultures at The Graduate　Center　of the City University of New York. García has published widely in the areas of bilingualism/multilingualism and bilingual education, language education, language policy, and sociology of language.  　

Sangeeta Bagga-Gupta　holds　a　Professor-chair in　Education　at the School of Education and Communication, Jönköping University, Sweden, and　is currently affiliated scholar at Örebro Theater, Sweden. She publishes extensively in different disciplinary domains and　leads　Swedish Research Council　national projects in the areas of disability studies and　culturally-empowering teacher-education.　　

Desmond　Ikenna　Odugu　is associate professor and chair of Education at Lake Forest College, and coordinator of the International Network for Action Research on Education, Language, and Society (INARELS).　His work engages with the intersection of language, education, and social change.　

Dr. Janet Armitage is a sociolinguist, currently working for the South Australian Department for Education on the Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara Lands as principal of Pipalyatjara Anangu School. Her work is informed by southern theory and ethical ethnographic praxis.

Dr.　Lorato Mokwena　is based　in the Linguistics Department at the University of the Western Cape, South Africa.　Her research passion　involves Linguistic　Landscape　with a niche focus on　orality.　Her latest publication explored how the use of oral route directions　problematises　the conceptual　distinction　between ‘urban’ and ‘rural’　spaces.　　

Atila Torres　Calvente　is　in　the　post-doctoral　program　at　the　Federal　University　of　Rio de Janeiro(UFRJ),　at　the　Institute　of　Economics/PPED/INCT/FAPERJ.　He　currently　works　as　coordinator　of　the　Cacaio　Project in Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro,　Brazil.　He　has　five　decades　of　experience　in　public　education　and　agriculture　in　

Brazil.　

Dr. Sibusiso Clifford Ndlangamandla　is a senior lecturer in the Department of English Studies at the University of South Africa. His research interests are multilingualism and technology in online higher education and its implication for language policy, teaching and learning.　 His latest chapter is appearing in a 2021 Routledge publication and is entitled "Languaging　in Computer-Mediated Communication: Heteroglossia and stylization in online education."　

Cassie Leymarie, Ph.D is the Director of Education & Impact for the Global Village Project, a special purpose middle school for refugee girls with interrupted education in Decatur, Georgia. She works to align teaching and learning with the values and mission of GVP. She is passionate about educational equity and inclusion.

Mary Bohn is a graduate student studying international affairs and global migration at Georgetown University. Mary has served for multiple years as an educator, mentor, and program director at the Global Village Project and other Atlanta-based organizations dedicated to providing refugee and immigrant students with educational resources.

Biography

Sinfree Makoni is Professor in Applied Linguistics and African Studies at Pennsylvania State University, USA. He has published extensively on language policy and planning, health communication, and decoloniality and southern epistemologies. His recent book co-authored with Alistair Pennycook, Innovations and Challenges in Applied Linguistics from the Global South, was shortlisted by the British Association of Applied Linguistics.

Anna Kaiper-Marquez is an Associate Director and Assistant Teaching Professor at the Institute for the Study of Adult Literacy and the Goodling Institute for Research in Family Literacy at Pennsylvania State University, USA. Her research interests include adult literacy, English language learning, and domestic work worldwide.

Lorato Mokwena is based in the Linguistics Department at the University of the Western Cape, South Africa. Her research passion involves linguistic landscape with a niche focus on orality. Her latest publication explored how the use of oral route directions problematizes the conceptual distinction between "urban" and "rural" spaces.