3rd Edition

The Routledge Handbook of the Belt and Road

Edited By Cai Fang, Peter Nolan, Wang Linggui Copyright 2026
568 Pages
by Routledge

568 Pages
by Routledge

The third edition of The Routledge Handbook of the Belt and Road documents the developments and achievements of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) from 2020 to 2022, capturing the latest evolution of this important international cooperation framework. With 135 carefully curated entries, this latest edition builds on its predecessors while focusing on new concepts and developments in the... Read more

Foreword

Preface I to the 2022 Chinese Edition

Preface II to the 2022 Chinese Edition

Preface III to the 2022 Chinese Edition

PART 1: A New Vision for Jointly Building the Belt and Road Initiative

1 The Principle of Extensive Consultation, Joint Contribution and Shared Benefits

Wang Yuzhu and Wang Wei

2 Open, Green and Clean Cooperation

Hou Bo

3 High-Standard Cooperation to Improve People’s Lives and Promote Sustainable Development

Hou Bo

4 Trust Deficit and the Belt and Road

Jiang Fangfei

5 Concept of Global Governance

Ren Lin

6 Exchanges and Mutual Learning among Civilizations

Xue Li

PART 2: The Belt and Road Initiative and the Building of Community with a Shared Future

7 A Community of All Life on the Earth

Xue Li and Xi Hanting

8 Asia–Pacific Community with a Shared Future

Xue Li and Li Shaokang

9 China–ASEAN Community with a Shared Future

Xue Li and Li Shaokang

10 China–Africa Community of Shared Future

Yang Baorong

11 A Community with a Shared Future for Global Development

Zhang Zhongyuan

12 A Community of Security for Us All

Shen Chen

13 A Community of Development for Us All

Zhang Song

14 A Community of Cultural Exchanges for Us All

Shen Chen

15 A Community of Health for Us All

Zhang Zhongyuan

16 A Maritime Community with a Shared Future

Zhang Zhongyuan

PART 3: The Way to the Belt and Road Initiative

17 Road for Peace

Xie Laihui

18 Road of Prosperity

Xie Laihui

19 Road of Opening Up

Xie Laihui

20 Road of Innovation

Xie Laihui

21 Road Connecting Different Civilizations

Xie Laihui

22 Road Creating More Opportunities

Liu Le

23 A Model of Cooperation

Xue Li and Li Shaokang

24 A Model of Health

Shen Chen

25 A Model of Recovery

Shen Chen

26 A Model of Growth

Jia Zhongzheng

27 A Pathway to Poverty Alleviation

Xue Li and Xi Hanting

28 A Pathway to the Rule of Law

Zhao Jianglin

29 A Rule-Based Road

Liu Le

30 The Journey of Enhancing Solidarity and Cooperation

Shen Chen

31 The Journey of Upholding Our Common Security

Shen Chen

32 The Journey of Promoting Openness and Integration

Liu Junsheng

33 The Journey of Boosting Interactions and Mutual Learning

Xue Li and Xi Hanting

34 Clean Silk Road

Liu Le

35 Digital Silk Road

Liu Le

36 Green Silk Road

Tian Huifang

37 A Health Silk Road

Zhao Jianglin

38 Polar Silk Road

Wang Yongzhong

PART 4: Financing Channel for the Belt and Road Projects

39 Guiding Principles on Financing the Development of the Belt and Road

Feng Weijiang

40 The Belt and Road Special Lending Scheme

Zhang Zhongyuan

41 Government Concessional Loan and Preferential Buyer’s Credit

Qin Sheng

42 China–Africa Cross-border RMB Center

Yang Baorong

43 South–South Cooperation Assistance Fund

Liu Wei

44 China–UN Peace and Development Fund

Qu Caiyun

45 SINO–CEE Fund

Liu Zuokui

46 China–CEEC Inter-Bank Association

Ji Yi

47 China–ASEAN Cooperation Fund

Xu Xiujun

PART 5: Cooperative Parks/ Economic Corridors under the Belt and Road Initiative

48 Overseas Economic and Trade Cooperation Zone

Xu Xiujun

49 The Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area

Jia Zhongzheng

50 China–Brunei Darussalam–Indonesia–Malaysia–the Philippines East ASEAN Growth Area (China–BIMP–EAGA)

Liu Junsheng

51 China- ASEAN Information Harbor

Lang Ping

52 Lancang–Mekong Cooperation

Zhang Lin

53 Brunei–Guangxi Economic Corridor

Xu Liping and Wu Wang Shiqi

54 China–Malaysia Qinzhou Industrial Park

Na Chaoying

55 Malaysia–China Kuantan Industrial Park

Na Chaoying

56 China–Myanmar Economic Corridor

Tian Guangqiang

57 The New International Land- Sea Trade Corridor of the China–Singapore (Chongqing) Demonstration Initiative on Strategic Connectivity

Liu Xin and Wang Yuzhu

58 The Nepal–China Trans-Himalayan Multi-Dimensional Connectivity Network

Wu Zhaoli

59 Great Stone China–Belarus Industrial Park

Xu Xiujun

60 China–UAE Industrial Capacity Cooperation Demonstration Zone

Liu Dong

61 China–Egypt Suez Economic and Trade Cooperation Zone

Liu Dong

62 Addis Ababa–Djibouti Economic Corridor, including the Development of Industrial Parks along the Economic Corridor

Zhang Zhongyuan

63 Lamu Port–South Sudan–Ethiopia Transport Corridor

Pang Jiaxin

64 Baku–Tbilisi–Kars New Railway Line and Alyat Free Economic Zone in Baku

Zhang Ning

65 Argentina–Chile Agua Negra Pass International Tunnel

Zhang Zhongyuan

66 Free Trade Zone Alliance for the New International Land–Sea Trade Corridor

Shen Minghui and Shen Chen

PART 6: Progress Made in the Belt and Road Projects

67 China–Europe Railway Express

Chen Siyang and Zhang Lin

68 Belgrade–Budapest Railway

Fu Ruidi

69 China–Europe Land–Sea Express Line

Xue Li

70 International North–South Transport Corridor (INSTC)

Wu Zhaoli

71 Transcontinental Shipment of Cargo Using the Capacities of the Northern Sea Route

Liu Jingye

72 Arctic Shipping Routes

Zhao Jizhou

73 China–Kyrgyzstan–Uzbekistan International Highway

Zhang Yuxin

74 China–Laos–Thailand Railway Cooperation

Lu Guoxue

75 China–Laos Railway

Zhang Lin

76 China–Tajikistan–Uzbekistan International Highway

Zhang Yuxin

77 Transoceanic Fiber Optic Cable

Liu Jingye

78 Piraeus Port in Greece

Jia Zhongzheng

79 Smederevo Steel Plant in Serbia

Zhang Yuxin

80 Pelješac Bridge in Croatia

Liu Zuokui

81 The Ghana Tema New Container Terminal Project by CHEC

Yao Guimei

82 Halfaya Oilfield in Iraq

Liu Dong

PART 7: Multilateral Cooperation Launched by the International Community

83 Conference of the Contracting Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

Bian Yongzu

84 United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) International Conference on Silk Road Tourism

Fan Juanrong

85 World Forum for Intercultural Dialogue within the framework of the Baku Process

Fan Juanrong

86 World Youth Forum

Fan Juanrong

87 Sustainable Blue Economy Conference

Qin Sheng

88 Singapore Convention on Mediation

Fan Juanrong

89 Tbilisi Silk Road Forum

Feng Weijiang

90 The EU Trans-European Transport Networks

Feng Weijiang

91 Partnership of Connectivity between Europe and Asia

Jia Zhongzheng

92 Europe–Caucasus–Asia International Transport Corridor and Trans-Caspian International Transport Route

Zhang Ning

93 Berlin Process

Xu Gang

94 Middle Corridor Initiative

Xue Li

95 The Partnership on Sustainable Connectivity and Quality Infrastructure between the European Union and Japan

Liu Zuokui and Li Qingru

96 Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) Economic Cooperation

Xu Juan and Wang Yuzhu

97 Eastern Economic Corridor in Thailand

Lu Guoxue and Xue Li

98 Indonesia’s Regional Comprehensive Economic Corridors

Xu Liping and Wu Wang Shiqi

99 African Continental Free Trade Agreement

Tian Feng

100 Pan- Arab Free Trade Area

Tang Zhichao

101 Vision 2030 from Saudi Arabia

Tian Feng

102 The Silk City and the Five Islands Development Projects of Kuwait

Tang Zhichao

103 Eurasian Economic Union with the Belt and Road

Feng Weijiang

104 Rectangular Strategy of Cambodia

Wang Yuzhu and Yu Junjie

105 Big Building and Special Building Program of the Philippines with the Belt and Road

Yang Danzhi

106 Mongolia Initiative (Rewarding Diplomats and Young Scholars Promoting the Belt and Road Cooperation)

Fan Juanrong

PART 8: Bilateral and Multilateral Cooperation Launched by China

107 The Third China International Import Expo

Jia Zhongzheng

108 The Fourth China International Import Expo

Jia Zhongzheng

109 China International Fair for Trade in Services

Zhang Lin

110 The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) Forum on People-to-People Friendship

Zhang Song

111 New Progress in the Forum on China–Africa Cooperation (FOCAC)

Yang Baorong

112 China–Arab States Cooperation Forum

Tang Zhichao

113 Cooperation between China and Central and Eastern European Countries

Liu Zuokui

114 International Youth Forum on Creativity and Heritage along the Silk Roads

Liu Jingye

115 Global Silk Road Cities Mayors Forum

Fan Juanrong

116 The China–EU Comprehensive Agreement on Investment

Liu Zuokui, Zhang Xiying, and Wu Jiajun

117 The China–EU Agreement on Geographical Indications

Liu Qinghao and Feng Weijiang

118 China–EU Green Cooperation

Xie Laihui and Sun Jingbo

119 Memoranda of Understanding on Belt and Road Cooperation

Zhong Feiteng

120 The Advisory Council of the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation

Guo Jinfeng

121 The Alliance of International Science Organizations in the Belt and Road Region

Guo Jinfeng

122 The Belt and Road News Network

Pang Jiaxin

123 Promote a Coalition of Sustainable Cities

Guo Jinfeng

124 The International Academy of Science of the Silk Road

Guo Jinfeng

125 Belt and Road Energy Partnership

Tian Huifang

126 The Belt and Road Initiative Tax Administration Cooperation Mechanism

Liu Wei

127 The Belt and Road Channel

Bian Yongzu

128 Joint Statement on Pragmatic Cooperation in the Field of Intellectual Property among Countries along the Belt and Road

Guo Jinfeng

129 Ningbo Initiative on the Maritime Silk Road Port Cooperation

Pang Jiaxin

130 International Infrastructure and Standards

Zhong Feiteng

131 China–EU Connectivity Platform

Luan Xiaoli

132 Solar Wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer (SMILE)

Zhao Yongchao

133 Silk Road E-commerce

Li Tianguo

134 The “Great Green Wall”

Yang Baorong

135 Global Silk Road Awards

Fan Juanrong

Biography

Editors

Cai Fang is Academician of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Vice Chairman and Chief Researcher of the National High-end Think Tank at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.

Peter Nolan is Professor of Chinese Development and Director of the Centre of Development Studies, University of Cambridge, UK.

Wang Linggui is a former Professor at the University of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.

Executive Editors

Zhao Jianglin is Senior Researcher, Deputy Director of Institute of European Studies at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.

Feng Weijiang is Senior Researcher, Deputy Director of the Institute of World Economics and Politics at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.

Liu Zuokui is Senior Researcher, General Director of the Institute of World History at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.