1st Edition
The Routledge Handbook of the Ethics of Human Enhancement
The Routledge Handbook of the Ethics of Human Enhancement provides readers with a philosophically rich and scientifically grounded analysis of human enhancement and its ethical implications. A landmark in the academic literature, the volume covers human enhancement in genetic engineering, neuroscience, synthetic biology, regenerative medicine, bioengineering, and many other fields. The Handbook includes a diverse and multifaceted collection of 30 chapters—all appearing here in print for the first time— that reveal the fundamental ethical challenges related to human enhancement. The chapters have been written by internationally recognized leaders in the field and are organized into seven parts:
- Historical Background and Key Concepts
- Human Enhancement and Human Nature
- Physical Enhancement
- Cognitive Enhancement
- Mood Enhancement and Moral Enhancement
- Human Enhancement and Medicine
- Legal, Social, and Political Implications
The depth and topical range of the Handbook makes it an essential resource for upper-level undergraduates, graduate students, and postdoctoral fellows in a broad variety of disciplinary areas. Furthermore, it is an authoritative reference for basic scientists, philosophers, engineers, physicians, lawyers, and other professionals who work on the topic of human enhancement.
Introduction
Fabrice Jotterand
Part I: Historical Background and Key Concepts
1. Philosophical Advice for the Age of Human Enhancement
Nicholas Agar
2. Spotlights on the History of Human Enhancement Discourse
Christopher Coenen
3. To Be or Not to Be Enhanced? Just ask the Moon – in Posthuman Terms
Francesca Ferrando
Part II: Human Enhancement and Human Nature
4. Clones, Chimeras, and Organoids: Developmental Biology and the Human Future
William Hurlbut and Dillon Stull
5. A Thematic Overview of Debate on the Ethics of Radical Human Enhancement
Nicholas M. Sparks
6. Resurrecting the Body: Phenomenological Perspectives on Embodiment
Vera Borrmann, Christopher Coenen, Luisa Gerstgrasser, Eva Albers, Oliver Müller and Philipp Kellmeyer
7. Human Enhancement through the Lens of Sex Selection
Robert Sparrow
8. Does Enhancement Violate Human "Nature"?
Jason T. Eberl
9. Authenticity in the Ethics of Human Enhancement
Muriel Leuenberger
Part III: Physical Enhancement
10. The Ethics of Genetic Enhancement: Key Concepts and Future Prospects
Jonny Anomaly and Tess Johnson
11. Germline Gene Editing with CRISPR: A Risk-Analysis Response to Liberal Eugenics
Siddhartha B. Chiong and Nicanor Austriaco
12. Framing Longevity Science and an "Aging Enhancement"
Colin Farrelly
13. Christian Theology and the Ethical Ambiguities of Aging Attenuation
Todd T. W. Daly
Part IV: Cognitive Enhancement
14. AI as IA: The Use and Abuse of Artificial Intelligence (AI) for Human Enhancement through Intellectual Augmentation (IA)
Alexandre Erler & Vincent C. Mueller
15. Clearing the Bottleneck of empirical data in the ethics of cognitive enhancement
Cynthia Forlini
16. Not Extended, but Enhanced: Internal Improvements to Cognition and the Maintenance of Cognitive Agency
Nada Gligorov
17. Is Enhancement with Brain-Computer Interfaces Ethical? Evidence in Favour of Symbiotic Augmentation
Tomislav Furlanis and Frederic Gilbert
18. Anticipating the Future of Neurotechnological Enhancement
Nathan Higgins, Cynthia Forlini, Isobel Butorac, John Gardner and Adrian Carter
Part V: Mood Enhancement and Moral Bioenhancement
19. Moral Enhancement through Neurosurgery? ─ Feasibility and Ethical Justifiability
Sabine Muller
20. Transhumanism and Moral Enhancement
Johann S. Ach and Birgit Beck
21. Protecting Future Generations by Enhancing Current Generations
Parker Crutchfield
22. What Kinds of Moral Bioenhancement are Desirable? What Kinds are Possible?
Harris Wiseman
Part VI: Human Enhancement and Medicine
23. The Meaning of Enhancement in the Post COVID-19 World
Ruth Chadwick
24. Clinical Practice and Human Enhancement: Blurred Borders and Ethical Issues
Mirko D. Garasic and Andrea Lavazza
25. Cyborgs and Designer Babies: The Human Body as a Technological Design Space
Michael Bess
26. Pharmaceutical Cognitive Enhancement: Entanglement with Emotion, morality, and the Context
Kevin Chien-Chang Wu
Part VII: Legal, Social and Political Implications
27. Cognitive Enhancement from a Legal Perspective
Jennifer A Chandler and Kai Vogeley
28. Enhancement and Hyperresponsibility
Anna Hartford, Julian Savulescu and Dan J. Stein
29. Human Flourishing or Injustice? Social, Political and Regulatory Implications of Cognitive Enhancement
Iris Coates McCall and Veljko Dubljević
30. Contemporary Bioethical and Legal Perspectives on Cognitive Enhancement
Luca Valera and Vincente Bellver
Epilogue
Marcello Ienca
Biography
Fabrice Jotterand is Professor of Bioethics and Medical Humanities, and Director of the Graduate Program in Bioethics at the Medical College of Wisconsin in Milwaukee, where he is also the Director of the Kern Philosophies of Medical Education Transformation Laboratory. In addition, he holds an appointment as Senior Researcher at the Institute for Biomedical Ethics, University of Basel. He is also the author of the recent book The Unfit Brain and the Limits of Moral Bioenhancement (Palgrave, 2022).
Marcello Ienca is Assistant Professor of Ethics of Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience at the School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM) in Munich, Germany, and a research fellow at College of Humanities, Swiss Federal institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL) in Lausanne, Switzerland. He is the co-editor of The Cambridge Handbook of Life Sciences, Information Technology and Human Rights (Cambridge UP, 2022).
