1. High Voltage Vacuum Interrupter Design
1.1. Introduction
1.2. The External Design
1.3. Electrical Breakdown in Vacuum
1.4. Internal Vacuum Interrupter Design
2. The Vacuum Arc
2.1. The Closed Contact
2.2. The Formation of the Vacuum Arc During Contact Opening
2.3. The Diffuse Vacuum Arc
2.4. The Columnar Vacuum Arc
2.5. The Transition Vacuum Arc
2.6. The Interaction of the Vacuum Arc and a Transverse Magnetic Field
2.7. The Vacuum Arc and an Axial Magnetic Field
2.8. Overview and Review of the Three Forms of Anode Spot
3. The Materials, Design and Manufacture of the Vacuum Interrupter
3.1. Introduction
3.2. Vacuum Interrupter Contact Materials
3.3. The Contact Structures for the Vacuum Interrupter
3.4. Other Vacuum Interrupter Design Features
3.5. Vacuum Interrupter Manufacture
4. General Aspects of Vacuum Interrupter Application
4.1. Introduction
4.2. The Interruption of Ac Circuits
4.3. Interruption of Ac Circuits When the Contacts Open Just Before Current Zero
4.4. Contact Welding
5. Application of The Vacuum Interrupter for Switching Load Currents
5.1. Introduction
5.2. Load Current Switching
5.3. Switching Inductive Circuits
5.4. Vacuum Contactors
5.5. Switching Capacitor Circuits
5.6. Vacuum Interrupters for Circuit Switching, Circuit Isolation And Circuit Grounding
5.7. Summary
6. Circuit Protection, Vacuum Circuit Breakers and Reclosers
6.1 Introduction
6.2. Load Currents
6.3. Short-Circuit Currents
6.4. Late Breakdowns and Non-Sustained Disruptive Discharges (Nsdd’s)
6.5. Vacuum Circuit Breaker Design
6.6. Vacuum Circuit Breaker Testing and Certification
6.7. Vacuum Circuit Breakers for Capacitor Switching, Cable and Line Switching and Motor Switching
6.8. Application of Vacuum Circuit Breakers for Distribution Circuits (4.76 Kv to 40.5 Kv)
6.9. Vacuum Interrupters in Series
6.10 Vacuum Interrupters for Sub-Transmission and Transmission Systems
6.11. Swiching Dc Ciruits Using Vacuum Interrupters
6.12. Development of Vacuum Interrupters for Low Voltage (< 1000v) Circuit Breakers
6.13. Concluding Summary
Biography
Paul G. Slade has been an independent consultant for vacuum interrupter technology, electrical contacts and circuit interruption, since his retirement. He is also the holder of 23 US patents. He is the major contributor and editor of the 2nd edition of the book “Electrical Contacts: Principles and Applications”. He is the recipient of the IEEE Ragnar Holm Scientific Achievement Award and of the German VDE Albert Keil Pries for his contributions to the science of electrical contacts. He is a fellow of the IEEE.
