1st Edition
Visibilities and Invisibilities of Race and Racism Toward a New Global Dialogue
Takezawa, Harrison, Tanabe and their contributors present a multi-sited, transnational, and intercultural perspective on racism, shifting its emphasis away from the conventional North Atlantic interpretive frameworks to better understand its fundamental nature.
Racism is not a uniquely transatlantic phenomenon but, because it is most often understood within Euro-American paradigms, its salience in other contexts is often less visible. The chapters in this volume analyse the process by which fundamentally invisible differences have been made visible, and various groups and communities have been marked, essentialized, and substantialized under a range of social, political and cultural conditions. Focussing on the space between the visible and invisible, they evaluate the dynamics by which invisible differences are rendered visible, and by which visible differences render other differences invisible. In doing so they promote a decentering of Western-centred frameworks, and elucidate continuities with and discontinuities from past era of racial antagonism and conflict. They look at case studies ranging from Japan, India, and Southeast Asia, to Iceland, the U.S. and intra-“white” racism in Europe. The strength of this work lies in its exploration of the varied modalities of race and racism, particularly those that deviate from the conventional, visibly identifiable notions of race, thus broadening the understanding of racism beyond traditional paradigms.
An important contribution to the re-worlding of the study of racism, for scholars, researchers and students of anthropology, sociology, ethnic studies, and intercultural studies.
1. Introduction: Visibilizing Unseen Racisms: Race as a floating signifier between visible and invisible
Yasuko Takezawa, Faye V. Harrison, Akio Tanabe
2. Navigating the Reality and Deception of (In)Visible Differences
Yasuko Takezawa
3. The Anatomy of Korea-phobia in Japan
Ryuta Itagaki
4. “Are Children Terrorists?” Examining Racialized “National Interest” and Exclusionary Violence in the Context of the Rohingyas of Burma and the Global Perception of Refugees
Subhadra Mitra Channa
5. Forms of Racialization in Odisha, India: Changing Predicaments of Dongria Kondhs and Dombs
Akio Tanabe
6. Racism as Common Sense: The Social Legitimization of Killing Roma
Angela Kóczé
7. Racialization and Visibility of Lithuanians during the Economic Boom Years in Iceland
Kristín Loftsdóttir
8. Imitation Game? Rachel Doležal, Transracial, Transgender, and the Problem of the Color Li(n)e
John G. Russell
9. Racialization, Criminalization and the Articulation of Multiple Alterities: A Perspective on the United States
Faye V. Harrison
10. The Racialization of Minorities and Majorities: Visible and Invisible
Gyanendra Pandey
Biography
Yasuko Takezawa is Professor at the Intercultural Research Institute, Kansai Gaidai University, and Professor Emeritus at the Institute for Research in the Humanities, Kyoto University, Japan.
Faye V. Harrison is Professor of African American Studies and Anthropology at the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA.
Akio Tanabe is Specially Appointed Professor at the Graduate School of Asian and African Area Studies, Kyoto University, Japan.
Takezawa, Harrison, Tanabe’s book radically reshapes our understanding of racism and racialization, decentring the traditional - but somewhat limiting - focus on the Atlantic world formed by European colonialism to encompass contexts from Asia (and from historical periods before the 1400s), in which visible phenotype does not play the same constitutive role. The volume is a groundbreaking addition to the decolonization of European perspectives on race. It is also an important aid to grasping the way that, even in the West, racialization has been increasingly distanced from the classic visible markers of phenotype.
Peter Wade, Professor of Social Anthropology, University of Manchester, UK
By decentralizing and pluralizing voices and gazes, the authors have completely renewed the study of racial discrimination from an anthropological and historical perspective. The result is a very original proposal that goes beyond the color line and the obsession with color blindness, and alerts us to the current strength of racial prejudice on a global scale.
Jean-Frédéric Schaub, Professor, École ds hautes études en sciences sociales, France
So much of the framing, scholarship and social and cultural history on race and racism up to and through the 20th century has been shaped as a transatlantic project. That is a dominant focus that the editors of this book have called a Euro-American paradigm. What this western framing overlooks is that a globalized world historically and in the 21st Century, has been experiencing the processes of racing and othering in different ways, outside of this western paradigm. What if a group of scholars were to decenter these western notions of what race is and is not and look at these processes from a global standpoint? Visibilities and Invisibilities of Race and Racism is just that book. Using the overarching themes of visibility and invisibility, and using case studies from Japan, India, Southeast Asia, the United States, Iceland and Europe this book offers us a more comprehensive set of paradigms to help us better understand the fundamental nature of the processes and mechanisms of race making. It also provides an opportunity for global dialogue about race and racism that privileges the knowledge and experiences of people in other parts of the world. This is an extremely important and timely book for scholars, students, the lay public and policy makers to better understand and engage with the globally diverse forms of racialization both observed and hidden in a larger conversation.
Yolanda T. Moses, Professor of Anthropology, University of California Riverside, USA
Former President of the American Anthropology Association and National Chair of the “Race are we Different” Project
