Microbiology of the Vagina
The Human Microbiome
Birth to Puberty
Reproductive Age Women
Pregnancy
Vulvar Microbiome
Postmenopause
The Uniqueness of the Human Vaginal Microbiome
Lactic Acid
Summary and Conclusions
References
Vaginal Immunology
Vaginal Epithelial Cell Immunity
Danger Signaling by Heat Shock Proteins
Antibody Production in the Lower Genital Tract
Sexual Intercourse and Vaginal Immunity
Summary and Conclusions
References
Diagnosis of Vulvovaginal Disease
Background
Physician Focus on the Patient
History
Office Equipment Requirements for Diagnosis
Physical Examination
Pelvic Examination
Laboratory Testing with Delayed Results
References
Candida Vulvovaginitis
Background
Microbiology
Immunology
Diagnosis
Treatment
References
Bacterial Vaginosis
Background
Microbiology
Immunology
Diagnosis
Treatment
References
Trichomonas vaginalis Vaginitis
Background
Microbiology
Immunology
Diagnosis
Treatment
References
Cytolytic Vaginosis, Aerobic Vaginitis, and Desquamative Inflammatory Vaginitis
Background
Microbiology
Immunology
Diagnosis
Treatment
References
Genital Herpes
Background
Microbiology
Immunology
Diagnosis
Treatment
References
Human Papillomavirus Genital Infections
Background
Microbiology
Immunology
Prevention
Diagnosis
Treatment
References
Other Sexually Transmitted Diseases of the Vulva and the Vagina
Background
Microbiology and Immunology
Diagnosis
Treatment
References
Allergic Vulvovaginitis
Background
Microbiology
Immunology
Diagnosis
Treatment
References
Menopausal Vulvovaginitis
Background
Microbiology
Immunology
Diagnosis
Treatment
References
Vestibulodynia
Background
Microbiology
Immunology
Diagnosis
Treatment
References
Dermatologic Disorders Causing Vulvar Disease
Background
Immunology and Microbiology
Lichen Sclerosus
Lichen Planus
Aphthous Ulcers and Behçet’s Disease
Pemphigus
Diagnosis
Inflammatory and Erosive Skin Disorders
Treatment
Psoriasis of the Vulva
References
Biography
William J. Ledger, MD, FACOG, obstetrician and gynaecologist in chief, New York Weill Cornell Center, New York, New York, USA
Steven S. Witkin, PhD, professor of immunology in obstetrics and gynecology, New York Weill Cornell Center, New York, New York, USA
Praise for previous editions:"The style of writing is informal and easy to read… The immunology sections are relevant and clearly explained."
—The British Journal of Hospital Medicine
"Provides extensive insight into the resolution of real-life clinical dilemmas… The chapter on Candida infection is possibly the best published review of this topic… A leap forward in the understanding and management of vulvovaginal disease."
—Clinical Infectious Diseases
