This volume explores the idea of unemployment, as nineteenth-century economists constructed the category ‘unemployment’, referring to a structural problem that caused ‘genuine workmen’ to be temporarily unemployed through no fault of their own. Sources examine how social thinkers and politicians put forward a range of arguments about the reasons for unemployment, the increasingly detailed categorization of people without work, and the growing movement to represent ‘labour’ both inside and outside Parliament, in large part to address the problem of unemployment. Accompanied by extensive editorial commentary, this volume will be of great interest to students of British History.
Volume 3: The Meanings of Unemployment
Part 1: The ‘Discovery of Unemployment’
1. J. A. Hobson, ‘The Meaning and Measure of Unemployment’, Contemporary Review, (March 1895), pp. 415-432.
2. C. H. Oldham, The Fluctuating Character of Modern Employment, Read Before the Statistical and Social Inquiry Society of Ireland (Dublin: Sealy, Bryers and Walker, 1896).
3. H. Cox, Protection and Employment (London: T. Fisher Unwin, 1905), pp. 3-4, 6-9, 23-29.
4. W. H. Beveridge, ‘Labour Exchanges and the Unemployed’, Economic Journal, 17:65 (March 1907), pp. 66-77.
5. R. A. Cooper, Unemployment: Its Cause and Remedy, 1909.
6. N. Adler and R.H. Tawney, Boy and Girl Labour (London: Women’s Industrial Council, 1909), pp. 1-6, 8-11, 13-17.
7. C. Osborne, ‘The Poor Law Commission: III. The Unemployment Problem’, in Charity Organisation Review (London: Charity Organisation Society, 1909), pp. 391-5.
8. L.H. Berens, Talk Unemployment (London: The Beds. Times Publishing Co., 1909), pp. 1-8.
9. C.J.F.M., ‘Aspects of Unemployment’, Westminster Review, 173:3 (March 1910), pp. 247-52.
10. J. Tawney, ‘Women and Unemployment’, Economic Journal (March 1911), pp. 131-9.
Part 2: Classification of the Out-of-Works
11. A. H. Hill, Our Unemployed: An Attempt to Point Out Some of the Best Means of Providing Occupation for Distressed Labourers; with Suggestions on a National System of Labour Registration: and Other Matters Affecting the Well-Being of the Poor (London: W. Ridgway, 1868), pp. 5-10.
12. A. White, ‘The Nomad Poor of London’, Contemporary Review 47 (1885), pp. 715-18.
13. B. Potter (later Webb), ‘A Lady’s View of the Unemployed in the East’, Pall Mall Gazette, 18 February 1886, p. 11.
14. A. Woodworth, Report of an Inquiry into the Condition of the Unemployed Conducted under the Toynbee Trust (London: J.M. Dent, 1897), Section II ‘Areas’, pp. 14-17.
15. W. Besant, East London (London: Chatto and Windus, 1901).
15.1 ‘East London Loafers’, p. 169. Illustration by Phil May.
15. 2‘Sandwich Men’, p. 245. Illustration by L. Raven Hill.
16. W. H. Beveridge, ‘Unemployment in London’, The Toynbee Record (October 1904), pp. 9-15.
17. S. Barnett, ‘Industrial Invalids: The Unemployable and the Unemployed’, Economic Review, October 1903 (London: Christian Social Union, 1904), pp. 3-13.
18. J. R. Motion, ‘The Unemployed in Glasgow 1904-1905’, Glasgow Parish Council Memorandum by the Inspector of Poor on the Unemployed (Glasgow: Begg, Kennedy, and Elder, 1904), pp. 3-9.
19. F. Thoresby, ‘How to Deal with the Unemployed’, Westminster Review, 165:1 (January 1906), pp. 36-40.
20. F. L. Donaldson, ‘The Unemployed’, Christian Social Union, 14 (London, A.R. Mowbray and Co: 1907), pp. 1-4.
21. P. Alden and E.E. Hayward, The Unemployable and the Unemployed (London: Headley Brothers, 1908), pp. 24-8, 38-49, 75-9, 91-3, 107-8.
22. J. S. Woodsworth, Strangers Within Our Gates or Coming Canadians (Toronto: Frederick Clarke Stephenson, 1909), pp. 8-9, 50-8.
Part 3: The Politics of Unemployment
23. Anon, The Unemployed: Form of Resolution to Be Put to Public Meetings and Forwarded to Local M.P.s, Lord Salisbury, Lord Randolph Churchill, Mr. W.E. Gladstone, and Mr. John Morley (London: Modern Press, 1885).
24. Social Democratic Federation Mass Meetings with Unemployed, February 1886.
24.1 Transcript by Edwin Barling, Daily Telegraph Staff, 10 February 1886.
24.2 Memorandum from Metropolitan Police Commissioner to Secretary of State, 9 February 1886.
24.3 Unemployed Workmen of London Resolution to Home Secretary H.C.E. Childers, it14 February 1886.
25. The Great London Dock Strike
25.1 ‘The Dock Labourers’ Strike’, Illustrated London News, 7 September 1889, p.
295.
25.2 ‘Dock Labourers on Strike’, Daily News (London), 19 August 1889, p. 3.
25.3 ‘The Dock Labourers’ Strike’, Globe, 19 August 1889, p. 5.
25.4 ‘End of the Strike’, Reynolds’s Newspaper, 15 September 1889, p. 1.
26. J. Burns, The Unemployed (London: Fabian Society, 1893), pp. 3-6.
27. Anon, Liverpool Association of the Unemployed. Objects and Rules (Liverpool: Rockliff Brothers, 1893), pp. 2-4.
27.1 Unemployed Organisation Committee, ‘A Demonstration Will Be Held in
Trafalgar Square’, March 1893.
28. Anon, Manifesto of the Bradford Unemployed Emergency Committee (Bradford: J.S. Toothill, 1894), pp. 3-9, 15.
29. Independent Labour Party, The Unemployed. ILP Platform No. 76 (London: John Penny, 1902).
30. March of the Leicester Unemployed to London (May 1905).
30.1‘The Leicester Unemployed March’, Leicester Mercury, 29 May 1905.
30.2 Edward Holmes to London Commissioner of Police, 30 May 1905.
30.3‘King and Unemployed: Leicester’s Letter to His Majesty’, Daily News, 1 June 1905.
30.4 Petition from the Leicester Unemployed to King Edward the VII, 2 June 1905.
30.5 ‘Tramp to London: Leicester’s Unemployed Begin Long Walk’, Daily Chronicle, 5 June 1905.
30.6 Police Report from Albany St. Station, S Division, 10 June 1905.
30.7 Police Report from Chief Inspector Isaac, A Division, 10 June 1905.
30.8 Police Report from Hampstead Station, S Division, 12 June 1905.
29. Working-Class Women’s Politics of Unemployment
29.1 Letter to George Lansbury from F. H. Stead on the Women’s Deputation to the Queen, October 1905.
29.2 Selections from Deputation of Unemployed to the Right Hon. A.J. Balfour, M.P. Report of the Proceedings at a Deputation from the Central Workers’ Committee, the Borough of Poplar Trades and Labour Representation Committee, and the Southwark Unemployed, and Women (London: Twentieth Century Press, 1905), pp. 8-9, 11-17.
29.3 ‘Mr. Balfour and the Unemployed: Demonstration of Women’, Times, 7 November 1905, p. 10.
29.4 ‘Premier and the Unemployed, Women’s Deputation’, Edinburgh Evening News, 7 November 1905, p. 4.
32. Meeting of the Unemployed Marchers in Hyde Park, November 1905.
32. 1 ‘The Unemployed March: Poverty to Invade Mayfair’, Daily Mail, 16 November 1905.
32.2 ‘Unemployed Register!’, London 1905
32.3 ‘March of the Unemployed to Hyde Park’, The Times, 21 November 1905, p. 7.
32.4 Police Report from Bow Street Station, E Division, 21 November 1905.
32.5 Police Report from Limehouse Street Station, K Division, 20 November 1905.
32.6 ‘Demonstration of Unemployed Held in Hyde Park on Monday, The 20th of November 1905’.
Index
Biography
Marjorie Levine-Clark is Professor of History at University of Colorado Denver, USA
