1st Edition

An Introduction to Environment, Society and Sustainability

By Helen Hazen, Paul Sutton Copyright 2025
382 Pages 156 Color Illustrations
by Routledge

382 Pages 156 Color Illustrations
by Routledge

382 Pages 156 Color Illustrations
by Routledge

This timely and innovative book delves into the complex interplay of human activities and natural limits in generating today’s sustainability challenges. By contrasting the pressures of growing populations with ecological footprints associated with consumption, the volume navigates the contested terrain where human societies generate environmental impacts. Adorned with illustrative figures,... Read more

1. Introduction to Sustainability and the Human-environment System

            Human-environment Interactions

            The Population-environment-development Nexus

            A Brief History of Sustainability         

            Sustainability as a Concept

                        Diagrammatic Representations of Sustainability

                        Sustainable Development Goals

                        Wicked Problems and Systems Thinking

            Structure of the Book

 

2. Biophysical Perspectives on Sustainability

Part One: Ecological Approaches

Energy flows

Population dynamics: Carrying capacity and trophic cascades

Disturbance and succession

Land degradation

Part Two: Biogeochemical cycles and nutrient flows

The hydrological cycle

Nutrient cycling

                                    The carbon cycle

                                                The greenhouse effect

                                    The nitrogen cycle

                                    The phosphorus cycle

                                    The sulfur cycle

Pollution

Conclusion

 

3. Population and Consumption

Part One: Population Approaches

Population as problem: Malthus and the neo-Malthusians 

Spaceship Earth—Earth as a bounded system

Part Two: Consumption Patterns     

I=PAT and ecological footprints

The role of technology           

The role of institutions

Conclusion

 

4. Economic Perspectives on Sustainability

Part One: The Capitalist Economy

Economics and sustainability

Part Two: Policy Responses

Neoliberal responses to environmental problems: Green growth

Questioning the global capitalist model: Degrowth

Conclusion

 

5. Ethical Approaches to Sustainability

Part One: Sustainability and Human Rights

Reproductive rights and social justice

Consumption and equity issues

Environmental justice

Part Two: Environmental Ethics

Environmental ethics and anthropocentrism

Animal ethics

Conclusion

 

6. Earth’s Atmosphere

With Uma Baysal

Evolution of the atmosphere

Characteristics of the atmosphere

Air pollution

Consequences of pollution

Climate change

Impacts of climate change

Governance and institutions in addressing climate change

The rise of the electric car

Conclusion

 

7. Oceans

With Sidney Barbier

The oceans in physical systems

Oceans and a changing climate

Nutrient and sediment loading

Pollution

Biodiversity and marine ecosystems

Overfishing

Aquaculture

Conclusion

 

8. Fresh Water

With Sidney Barbier

            Water quantity

                        Groundwater

                        Surface water

                        Climate change

            Water quality

                        Sedimentation and water clarity

                        Chemical pollution

                        Nutrient loading

                        Biological contamination and disease

            Environmental justice

Conclusion

 

9. Wildlands

With Julia Entwistle

            The value of biodiversity and wildlands

            The state of global wildlands

            Protected areas

            The Chico Mendes Extractive Reserve

            Solutions and tradeoffs in wildland conservation

                        Land sparing vs land sharing

                        Economic considerations and protected areas

                        Ethical considerations and protected areas

            Conclusion

 

10. Agriculture

With Jecca Bowen

            Categorizing agriculture: Type, purpose, and approach

Evolution of agriculture

            Agriculture and soil quality

            Agriculture and water

            Agriculture and health

            Agriculture and climate change

            Case study: Corn production in the US Midwest

            Conclusion

 

11. Urban Systems

With Namrata Chatterjee

            Urbanization

            Sustainability in the city

                        Solid waste

                        Urban congestion and air pollution  

                        Blue and green spaces in cities

                        Urban sprawl: growing up or growing out?

                        Urban slums

            Conclusion

 

12. Conclusion

Population

            Consumption and degrowth

            Green growth and technology

            Governance and institutions

            Conclusion

Biography

Helen Hazen is a teaching professor at the University of Denver. After completing an undergraduate degree in geography at Oxford University, she worked in the field of environmental conservation before earning a Ph.D. in geography from the University of Minnesota. Dr. Hazen has published on a variety of aspects of human-environment interactions, including the role of the World Heritage Program in environmental protection and biases in ecosystem protection. Her teaching interests focus on health, environment, and sustainability and have led to the publication of undergraduate textbooks in health geography and population geography.

Paul Sutton is a professor in the Department of Geography and the Environment at the University of Denver. Dr. Sutton is also a member of the board of trustees for the small town of Morrison, CO (pop ~350). He also serves on the board of the Denver Regional Council of Governments. Dr. Sutton obtained his B.S. from Union College in Chemistry, his M.A. in Statistics and PhD in Geography from UCSB. His research interests are in the general area of human-environment relations with a particular interest in population geography, sustainability science, and ecological economics.