1st Edition
Mitigating Land Degradation and Improving Livelihoods An Integrated Watershed Approach
The research presented in this book demonstrates how an integrated ‘systems’ approach to farming in the watershed context increases the effectiveness of a production system and improves people’s livelihoods. It takes an integrated approach, using one watershed in Ethiopia as a ‘laboratory’ or model case study to focus on the interaction and interdependence between land, water, crops, soil, water harvesting, supplemental irrigation, forestry, socio-economic aspects, livestock and farm tools.
A range of linked studies was conducted with active participation of the farming community and other relevant stakeholders, such as the local offices of agriculture and extension services. The starting point for the work was the premise that previous efforts to solve farming system constraints using a piecemeal approach or discipline-specific focus have not been successful. Thus, addressing agricultural and environmental constraints through a holistic approach enables the generation of comprehensive technologies to sustainably improve the natural resource base and livelihoods of communities. The authors discuss trade-offs and resource allocation, demonstrating how the environment can be protected while also improving productivity.
A unique feature is the methodology developed for the selection of suitable fields and farmers to implement new approaches or improved technologies, to achieve production increases while reducing degradation of sensitive agro-ecosystems. It is also shown how the watershed scale is a valuable basis for assessing the protection of fragile lands.
1. Introduction
Feras Ziadat, Wondimu Bayu, Michael Devlin, Rolf Sommer and Theib Oweis
Part 1: Combating Land Degradation, Water Harvesting and Supplemental Irrigation
2. Selection and Socio-economic and Biophysical Characterization of the Gumara-Maksegnit Watershed Research site, North Gondar Zone, Ethiopia
Wondimu Bayu, Feras Ziadat, Birru Yitaferu, Theib Oweis, Andreas Klik, Hailu Kendie, Fawzi Karajeh, Yonas Worku and Rolf Sommer
3. Socio-economic Characterization of the Gumara-Maksegnit Watershed
Yonas Worku, Teferi Alem, Solomon Abegaze, Hailu Kendie, Ambachew Getenet and Yigezu Yigezu
4. Predicting Soil Attributes for Environmental Modeling
Nurhussen M.N. Seid, Birru Yitaferu, Feras Ziadat, Andreas Klik and Wondimu Bayu
5. Assessment of Forest Cover Change and its Environmental Impacts using Multi-temporal and Multi-spectral Satellite Images
Kibruyesfa Sisay, Birru Yitaferu, Efrem Garedew and Feras Ziadat
6. Crop type Identification using Multi-temporal and Multi-spectral Satellite Images
Kibruyesfa Sisay and Feras Ziadat
7. Assessment of Current Land Use and Potential Soil and Water Conservation Measures on Surface Runoff and Sediment Yield
Andreas Klik, Hailu Kendie, Stefan Strohmeier, Georg Schuster, Hans-Peter Nachtnebel and Feras Ziadat
8. Monitoring of Surface Runoff and Soil Erosion Processes
Andreas Klik, Stefan Strohmeier, Christoph Schuerz, Claire Brenner, Ingrid Zehetbauer, Florian Kluibenschaedl, Georg Schuster, Wondimu Bayu and Feras Ziadat
9. Demonstration and Evaluation of Water Harvesting and Supplementary Irrigation to Improve Agricultural Productivity
Ertiban Wondifraw and Hanibal Lemma
Part 2: Improving Land Productivity
10. Performance Evaluation of Bread Wheat Varieties
Melle Tilahun and Wondimu Bayu
11. Chickpea Participatory Variety Selection for the Vertisol of the Watershed
Tewodros Tesfaye, Getachew Tilahun and Kibrsew Mulat
12. Participatory Variety Selection on Improved Food Barley Varieties
Teferi Alem, Wondimu Bayu and Melle Tilahun
13. Demonstration and Promotion of Improved Food Barley, Bread Wheat, and Faba Bean Technologies
Andualem Tadesse and Wondimu Bayu
14. Effect of Compost and Chemical Fertilizer on Wheat Production and Soil Properties
Nigus Demelash, Sitot Tesfaye, Wondimu Bayu, Rolf Sommer, Debra Turner
15. On-farm Evaluation and Demonstration of Animal Drawn Moldboard and Gavin Plows
Worku Biweta, Awole Muhabaw, Rolf Sommer
16. Participatory Evaluation of Mobile Tree Nursery
Abate Tsegaye, Elias Cherenet, Hadera Kahesay
Part 3: Livestock and Forage Improvement
17. Characterization of Goat Population and Breeding Practices of Goat Owners
Surafel Melaku, Alayu Kidane, Aynalem Haile
18. Adaptability of Vetch (Vicia spp.)
Alemu Tarekegn, Tikunesh Zelalem and Aynalem Haile
Biography
Feras Ziadat is Soil Management and Partnership Officer in the Land and Water Division (NRL) of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Rome, Italy. Previously he was a Senior Scientist at the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA).
Wondimu Bayu is the 'Watershed Research' National Project Coordinator in the Integrated Water and Land Management Program (IWLMP) at ICARDA, based in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.