Comparative Cardiovascular Dynamics of Mammals offers never-before-published data on the structure and function of the circulatory systems of the different mammalian species. This text explores classic allometry, dimensional analysis, and modern hemodynamics to establish similarity principles that provide a necessary and important step in understanding the natural common design and functional features of the cardiovascular systems of different mammals.
Fluid and blood vessel mechanics, pulse transmission characteristics, cardiac energetics and mechanics, as well as heart-arterial system interaction are included in this essential reference. The sensitivity of parameters and similarity of principles in the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases are also addressed. This book also describes the natural processes involved in the functional development of the mammalian cardiovascular system.
By using modern methods to present recent findings on the similarities and differences of the mammalian cardiovascular system, the author provides an easily understood approach to this dynamic field of study.
The Mammalian Species
The Cardiovascular System
Function of the Circulation
Book Content
Comparative Anatomy and Physiology of the Circulation
The Heart
Arteries
The Veins
The Microvasculature
Comparative Analysis With Allometry
Modeling Principles and Comparison Across Species
Allometric Equation and Definitions
Growth and Differential Growth
The Importance of Body Size and Organ Size
Circulatory Allometry
Introduction of Allometry to Hemodynamics
Dimensional Analysis for Identifying Circulatory Similarities
Basic Mathematical Tools
Dimensional Analysis and the Pi-Theorem
Methods for Establishing Similarity Principles
Illustrative Examples
Cardiac Mechanics
Cardiac Muscle Mechanics
Starling's Law Applied to the Mammalian Heart
SImilar Ejection Fraction and Contractility of the Heart
The Pressure-Volume Curve
Arterial System Function
Rheological Properties of Mammalian Arteries
Pressure and Flow Relationship: The Windkessel and Vascular Input Impedance
Pulse Propagation Wavelength and System Length
Pulse Wave Reflections
Pulsatile Power Generation and Energy Dissipation
Similarity Analysis of the Cardiovascular Function
Laminar and Turbulent Flow in Mammalian Arteries
Blood Pressure and Flow Waveforms
Laplace's Law
The Heart Rate
Energetics and Efficiency of the Mammalian Heart
Arterioles, Venules, Capillaries, and the Red Blood Cells
Myocardial Oxygen Consumption, Blood Flow, and Metabolic Turn-Over Rate
Closed-Loop Analysis of the Circulation
Fundamentals of Biological Controls
Allometry in Cardiovascular Control
Heart-Arterial System Interaction
Differentiating the Normal and the Diseased Cardiovascular System
Optimality and Similarity
External Work, Optimal Power, and Efficiency
Geometry and Elasticity: Low Loss Aorta and Branching Characteristics, Minimum Shear
Minimum Local Reflections and Area Ratio
The Natural Design Characteristics
References
Index
Biography
John K-J Li