Clash of Exceptionalism in International Relations Contemporary Dynamics and Impacts of US and China Exceptionalism on Global Affairs

Introduction – Najimdeen Bakare Part I: Conceptual and Theoretical Foundations 1. Individualism and Collectivism: Roots and Realities of U.S. and Chinese Exceptionalism – Hong Liu 2. The Evolution of Competing Exceptionalist Doctrines: A Comparative Analysis of Manifest Destiny and the Community of Shared Future in Shaping the Global Order – Sobia Khursheed Part II: American Exceptionalism — Origins, Manifestations, and Global Impact 3. Exceptionalism in American Foreign Policy: Impact on Indo–U.S. Relations – Najimdeen Bakare 4. Post-9/11 U.S. Exceptionalism in the War on Terror – Sajid Iqbal 5. American Exceptionalism, “Double Orientalism,” and the Iraq and Afghanistan Wars – Kyu-hyun Jo 6. American Exceptionalism: Impact on the Middle East – Reumah Suhail 7. Manifestations of American Exceptionalism in Africa: Impact on the Continent – Abubakar Abubakar Usman 8. A Shining City Upon the Global Stage? U.S. Presidential Rhetoric and the Display of American Exceptionalism at the United Nations (1989–2024) – Vincent Bricart 9. Internal Polarization, Anti-Multilateralism, and Anti-Americanism: Assessing the Waning of U.S. Global Exceptionalism – Irfan Qaisrani and Anjum Gul Part III: Chinese Exceptionalism — Narratives, Policies, and Regional Expressions 10. The Making of a Great Power: Evaluating China’s Ascent in the World-System – Professor Adam Saud 11. Exceptionalism and China: Deconstructing Zhongguo Fang’an as Chinese Solutions – Richard J. Cook, Igor Sevenard and Mateus Bilhar 12. Is China exceptionally impacting Africa? Evidence from the continent - Abdul-Gafar Tobi Oshodi, Rasheed Azeez, Lase Adekola, Femi Owoyele, & Chidi Boland Ikekpeazu 13. Deconstructing Chinese Exceptionalism and Soft Power Diplomacy: A Case Study of Southeast Asia – Tatheer Zahra Sherazi 14. The Impact of Chinese Exceptionalism: A Critical Analysis of China in Central Asia – Uzma Siraj 15. China’s BRI as a Manifestation of Neo-Exceptionalism in the Global South – Ayesha Khan Part IV: Comparative and Competitive Exceptionalisms 16. Competing Exceptionalisms in Afghanistan: American, Iranian, and Chinese Visions of Regional and Global Order – Habib Badawi 17. U.S. Policy Toward Iran and the Clash of Exceptionalisms – Radoslaw Fiedler 18. Exceptionalism and the Global South: U.S.–China Rivalry and the Strategic Positioning of Pakistan in a Transforming World Order – Muhammad Taimur Fahad Khan 19. Sino–U.S. Clash of Exceptionalisms: Perspectives of Normative and Structural Competitions – Asia Mukhtar 20. Trump vs. Xi: Exceptionalism and the Remaking of Global Order – Imran Hosen, Iffat Ara Jasmin, and Sabyasachi Karmakker 21. Dual-Use Technologies and Strategic Decoupling: Techno-Nationalism as the New Face of Exceptionalism – Rubina Waseem and Abdul Wassay 22.The Rise of Chinese-Style Multilateralism: Transforming Global Governance Structures and Practices-Muhammad Atif

Biography

Najimdeen Bakare is Associate Professor at the Department of International and Strategic Studies, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.