Measurement of Physical Activity in Physical Education Through Technology

Section 1: Introduction

1. Introduction

Markel Rico-González and José Pino-Ortega.

2. History, Evolution, and Importance of Technology in Current PE

Alexandra Martín Rodríguez and Juan Delgado Basterrechea

3. Curricular Opportunities for the Implementation of Technologies. How Technology Can Help in Meeting Curricular Requirements: An Universal Viewpoint

Alejandro Sal-de-Rellán, Adrián Moreno-Villanueva, Enrique Flórez-Gil and Ariadna Hernaiz-Sánchez

Section 2: Types, Classification, and Manual of Wearable Technologies

4. Positioning Technologies: GNSS and LPS

Carlos D. Gómez-Carmona and Alejandro Soler-López

5. Pedometers

Luca Paolo Ardigò, Åke Elden and Ursula Småland Goth

6. Smart Bracelets and Smartwatches

John Oginni, Zarmina Amin and Jessh Mavoungou

7. Other Wearables (Smart Rings, Mobile Apps…)

Jacob Sierra-Díaz, Jose Coto-Lousas and Sixto González Víllora

8. Validity, Reliability, Precision, Sensitivity and Criteria for Choosing the Most Suitable Technology

Carlos D. Gómez-Carmona and Alejandro Moreno-Azze

Section 3: Types, Classification, and Manual Technologies for Assessment Children`s Conditioning

9. Technologies for Evaluating Strength

Boryi Alexander Becerra-Patiño, Felipe Poblete-Valderramas, Armando Monterrosa-Quintero and Jorge Olivares Arancibia

10. Technologies for Evaluating Aerobic Conditioning

Adrián Moreno-Villanueva, Alejandro Sal-de-Rellán, Ariadna Hernaiz-Sánchez and Enrique Flórez-Gil

11. Technologies for Evaluating Velocity

María Dolores Morenas-Aguilar

12. Technologies for Evaluating Other Variables: Physiology, Kinematic, and Biomechanic Dario Martinez-Garcia

Section 4: Different Types of Technologies of Data Processing

13. Software Applied to Physical Education

Carlos Navarro Martínez, Salvador Cavas María, Gines Noguera Noguera, Elvira Pino Moreno and José Pino Ortega

14. Manual of Statistics

Marco A. García-Luna

15. New Trends of Data Processing: Artificial Intelligence

Paula Tallón Fuentes, Mikel Urbano, Naiara Virto Castro, Begoña García-Zapirain  and Amaia Méndez Zorrilla

Section 5: Developing Health, and Motor, Cognitive, Social, and Emotional Competencies throught Technology

16. Motor Competence: Related Variables and How to Interpret Them

Fernando Garbeloto and Sara Pereira

17. Cognitive Competence: Related Variables and How to Interpret Them

Lee Wharton and Michelle Bradford

18. Socioemotional Competence: Related Variables and How to Interpret Them

Mercedes Chicote-Beato, Irene Rocamora-Ortega and Sixto González-Víllora

19. Health Related Variables and How They Can Be Interpreted in Educational Contexts

Juan Manuel Franco-García^, Ángel Manuel Denche-Zamorano and Damián Pereira-Payo

20. Consideration for an Inclusive Implementation of Technological Devices

Lidia Scifo

 21. Principles for Design Strategies for Enhancing Participation and Motivation

Carlos Mayo-Rota, Zilia Villafaña-Sampe, Javier García-Cazorla and Diego Esteban-Torres  

Section 6: General Considerations: A Universal Viewpoint

22. Ethical and Legal Principles for Using Technologies in Educational Settings

Rosario Padial-Ruz and Laura García-Pérez

23. Recommendations for Teachers, Institutions, and Policy Markers

Gema Torres-Luque, Daniel García-Martinez  and Gema Díaz-Quesada

24. Technology and Market: How Much Does Each Technology Cost?

Marco A. García-Luna and Juan M. Cortell-Tormo

Biography

Markel Rico-González is Assistant Professor in the Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of the Basque Country (EHU), Spain. He is the author of more than 100 scientific articles in journals and more than 25 book chapters. He is also the co-editor of the book ‘The Use of Applied Technology in Team Sport’ (Routledge, 2021, with José Pino-Ortega), editor of the book “Physical Education in Early Childhood: Movement and Development from 3 to 6 Years” (Routledge, 2025), and co-editor of the book “Physical Education in Primary Education: Movement and Development from 6 to 12 Years” (Routledge, 2026).

José Pino-Ortega is a university professor in the Department of Sport Sciences, University of Murcia, Spain. His main research area is technology applied to physical activity. He is the author of nearly 200 scientific articles in high-impact journals and co-editor of the book "The Use of Applied Technology in Team Sports" (Routledge, 2021, with Markel Rico-González). Currently, José Pino-Ortega is now main researcher in the Research Chair of Education, Activity and Cancer.

"A timely and much-needed guide that bridges sport technology and physical education, offering teachers, researchers and policymakers a clear roadmap for integrating wearable and analytic tools into children’s physical activity. This volume will quickly become an essential reference in PE pedagogy worldwide.”

Luca Paolo Ardigò, PhD, Professor, Teachers Education, Sports, NLA University College, Norway

 

"This comprehensive book fills a critical gap by integrating technology and measurement science for physical education practice. With childhood physical inactivity at crisis levels globally, this resource provides the practical, evidence-based guidance that educators urgently need to effectively use technology in schools."

Dr. Carlos D. Gómez-Carmona, Professor of Sports Science and Physical Education, University of Zaragoza, Spain