Polarimetric Radar Imaging From Basics to Applications

Overview of Polarimetric Radar Imaging

Brief History of Polarimetric Radar Imaging

SAR Image Formation: Summary

Airborne and Space-Borne PolSAR Systems

Description of the Remaining Chapters

Electromagnetic Vector Wave and Polarization Descriptors

Monochromatic Electromagnetic Plane Wave

Polarization Ellipse

Jones Vector

Stokes Vector

Wave Covariance Matrix

Electromagnetic Vector Scattering Operators

Polarimetric Back Scattering Sinclair S Matrix

Scattering Target Vectors k and Omega

Polarimetric Coherency T and Covariance C Matrices

Polarimetric Mueller M and Kennaugh K Matrices

Change of Polarimetric Basis

Target Polarimetric Characterization

PolSAR Speckle Statistics

Fundamental Property of Speckle in SAR Images

Speckle Statistics for Multilook-Processed SAR Images

Texture Model and K Distribution

Effect of Speckle Spatial Correlation

Polarimetric and Interferometric SAR Speckle Statistics

Phase Difference Distributions of Single-Look and Multilook PolSAR Data

Multilook Product Distribution

Joint Distribution of Multilook S_i² and S_j²

Multilook Intensity and Amplitude Ratio Distributions

Verifications of Multilook PDFs

K Distribution for Multilook Polarimetric Data

Summary

Appendices

PolSAR Speckle Filtering

Introduction to Speckle Filtering of SAR Imagery

Filtering of Single Polarization SAR Data

Review of Multipolarization Speckle Filtering Algorithms

PolSAR Speckle Filtering

Scattering Model-Based PolSAR Speckle Filter

Introduction to the Polarimetric Target Decomposition Concept

Introduction

Dichotomy of the Kennaugh Matrix K

Eigenvector-Based Decompositions

Model-Based Decompositions

Coherent Decompositions

The H/A/a Polarimetric Decomposition Theorem

Introduction

Pure Target Case

Probabilistic Model for Random Media Scattering

Roll Invariance Property

Polarimetric Scattering a Parameter

Polarimetric Scattering Entropy (H)

Polarimetric Scattering Anisotropy (A)

Three-Dimensional H/A/a Classification Space

New Eigenvalue-Based Parameters

Speckle Filtering Effects on H/A/a

PolSAR Terrain and Land-Use Classification

Introduction

Maximum Likelihood Classifier Based on Complex Gaussian Distribution

Complex Wishart Classifier for Multilook PolSAR Data

Characteristics of Wishart Distance Measure

Supervised Classification Using Wishart Distance Measure

Unsupervised Classification Based on Scattering Mechanisms and Wishart Classifier

Scattering Model-Based Unsupervised Classification

Quantitative Comparison of Classification Capability: Fully PolSAR versus Dual- and Single-Polarization SAR

Pol-InSAR Forest Mapping and Classification

Introduction

Pol-InSAR Scattering Descriptors

Forest Mapping and Forest Classification

Appendix

Selected PolSAR Applications

Polarimetric Signature Analysis of Manmade Structures

Polarization Orientation Angle Estimation and Applications

Ocean Surface Remote Sensing with PolSAR

Ionosphere Faraday Rotation Estimation

PolSAR Interferometry for Forest Height Estimation

Nonstationary Natural Media Analysis from PolSAR Data Using a Two-Dimensional Time-Frequency Approach

Appendix A: Eigen Characteristics of Hermitian Matrix

Appendix B: PolSARpro Software: The Polariemtric SAR Data Processing and Educational Toolbox

Index

Biography

Lee, Jong-Sen; Pottier, Eric

"… This very concise book covering basics to applications will serve as a fundamental hands-on book for years to come. … we congratulate the authors for their diligence, oversight, and sincere dedication for assembling such a well-organized and long overdue book on the basics and applications of polarimetric radar imaging. …"
—Wolfgang-Martin Boerner, University of Illinois, Chicago, USA