1st Edition

The Criminalisation of People Smuggling in Indonesia and Australia Asylum out of reach

By Antje Missbach Copyright 2022
    224 Pages 23 B/W Illustrations
    by Routledge

    224 Pages 23 B/W Illustrations
    by Routledge

    This book offers an ethnographically informed critique of the hyper-politicised debate on the facilitation of irregularised migration for people seeking asylum between Indonesia and Australia. While state authorities decry such facilitation as “people smuggling” and push for its criminalisation, the book’s focal points are the need for unsanctioned passages for people seeking asylum and the detrimental consequences of the criminalisation of “people smuggling” for both the facilitators and the people seeking asylum.

    Drawing on court verdicts and interviews with convicted facilitators and law enforcement officials in Indonesia, this book provides a unique and holistic picture of the causes, conditions, procedures and intricacies surrounding the facilitation of irregularised maritime journeys between Indonesia and Australia covering almost four decades. It scrutinises the micro-level operational and place-specific characteristics of people smuggling and the consequences of anti-people-smuggling policies in Indonesia and relates those consequences to changes in the macroenvironment, which include relevant legal, political, social and economic factors that determine the overarching conditions of irregularised mobility. Compared to other states in the Global North, Australia has claimed to be more “successful” with its comprehensive approach to eliminate unsanctioned migration at sea by combining punitive, communicative–reventive and interceptive measures. This book challenges key achievements and objectives in regard to criminalising the facilitation of irregularised migration by foregrounding the many negative side effects that have emanated from “stopping the boats”.

    The book will be of interest to researchers in the fields of anthropology and sociology, law and criminology, Asia-Pacific Studies, Southeast Asian Studies and international migration.

    List of Figures; Acknowledgements; Chapter 1. Introduction; Chapter 2. Australia’s invasion angst; Chapter 3. Who are the facilitators?; Chapter 4. Criminalisation and punishment; Chapter 5. Prevention through misinformation; Chapter 6. The state as smuggler; Chapter 7. Putting asylum out of reach; Bibliography; Index

    Biography

    Antje Missbach is Professor of Sociology at Bielefeld University, Germany, specialising in global and transnational migration and mobility. She is the author of Separatist conflict in Indonesia: The long-distance politics of the Acehnese diaspora (Routledge 2012) and Troubled Transit: Asylum seekers stuck in Indonesia (2015) and co-author of Indonesia: State and Society in Transition (2019).

    The Criminalisation of People Smuggling is the first comprehensive analysis of the smuggling of transit migrants from Indonesia to Australia and shows how this activity influences the relationship of the two countries. […] Written in a readable narrative style supported by rich empirical data, this book is essential reading for all those who want to understand the complex nature of refugee issues in both countries. […] The main strength of this book is the author's analytical framework, which allows Missbach to identify the actors and their roles in unsanctioned passages as well as the infrastructure. […] Because of its unique perspective, this book can be a useful reflection for states such as Australia and Indonesia and might serve as an incentive to humanise their measures towards migrants. It is also a call for migration scholars to pay more attention to the human consequences of each specific measure imposed by states around the world through micro-level empirical work. - Bilal Dewansyah, Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs

    In an era where words such as ‘migration’ and ‘smuggling’ spark fierce political debates, public responses and, more often than not, negative media attention, Missbach brings a timely perspective to heated debates in a work that goes behind simplistic labels such as ‘smuggler’ to put names and stories to the many characters present along irregular migration routes. Her unique positionality, having worked on this subject for a significant period in Indonesia and Australia, adds a historical dimension as to how asylum has become ever more difficult for people in need of protection. Of note are the ways in which invasion angst is contextualised in this book, situated within a historical legacy of structural violence and her reflections on the broader political environment for people seeking asylum. The focus this text brings to the polarising topic of migration is a welcome rejoinder to assumptions about the financial benefits of smuggling and the notion of smugglers as ‘big fish’ who face no risks for their actions. [...] Perhaps the greatest impact of this book is to call into question the continual way in which smuggling is framed and offer methodologies for similar accounts in other contexts. By humanising the people behind the smuggling label and showing how this system operates in a country of transit, Missbach provides a timely and rich analysis of a feature of migration that regretfully shows no trend of abating in the near future. - Melissa Phillips, Journal of Intercultural Studies 2023