1st Edition

Private Tutoring Entrepreneurs in China Narratives and Sensemaking in Multiple Social Cognitive Spaces

By Li Jun Copyright 2026
178 Pages 17 B/W Illustrations
by Routledge

178 Pages 17 B/W Illustrations
by Routledge

Embarking on a captivating journey into the heart of private tutoring entrepreneurship in China’s bustling Chongqing region, Li Jun unveils the untold stories of private tutoring entrepreneurs, exploring their sensemaking processes through Karl Weick’s theory of organizing. With rich narrative inquiry, the book delves into the strategies, challenges, and triumphs of private tutoring... Read more

Table of Contents

Preface

Acknowledgment

1. Introduction

2. Entrepreneurship in Multiple Inclusions

3. Entrepreneurial Narratives in Diverse Spaces

4. Deconstructing and Reconstructing Entrepreneurship

5. Guanxi Practice among Private Tutoring Entrepreneurs

6. Discussion and Conclusions

Index

Biography

Li Jun is a member of the Comparative Education Research Centre in the Faculty of Education at the University of Hong Kong. He is serving as a board director at both Hongda Education Group and TopE Consulting Services Co., Limited.

"As Jun’s former lecturer at The University of Edinburgh, I am very pleased to witness the publication of this book. His dedication to knowledge advancement on private tutoring entrepreneurship comes to life on every single page."

Ellen Boeren, Professor at School of Education, University of Glasgow, UK

"Grounded in sophisticated theories and rich cultural insights, this book offers an original lens into private tutoring entrepreneurship in Mainland China. It stands out not only for what it reveals, but for how it reveals it—through compelling narratives and a deep understanding of cultural nuances. As a pioneering study, it makes a timely contribution to the field of shadow education. Bridging academic research with real-world implications, this book is essential reading for anyone interested in education policy or entrepreneurship in China."

- Nutsa Kobakhidze, Associate Professor, Faculty of Education, The University of Hong Kong, Vice-President, Comparative Education Society of Hong Kong (CESHK).

"This book is a must-read for anyone interested in shadow education and social networking in China. Through a comprehensive investigation, Dr. Li Jun reveals how private tutoring entrepreneurs leverage social connections to establish, manage, and expand their tutoring institutions. The insights gained not only enhance our understanding of the tutoring landscape but also offer valuable lessons for policymakers and educators worldwide."

Xiao Hu, Assistant Professor, City University of Macau.